面向二氧化碳电化学利用的离子传导膜研究进展

Research progress in ion conducting membranes for electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide

利用可再生电力将化石能源利用过程中排放的CO_(2)还原为增值含碳化学品,不仅可以解决CO_(2)排放问题,还可以实现可再生能源存储,是实现我国“双碳”目标的重要途径.离子传导膜作为CO_(2)电解池中的重要组成部分,一方面其离子电导率决定了电能到化学能的转化效率;另一方面对不同离子的选择性和渗透性极大地影响了阴极催化剂反应微环境,进而影响了CO_(2)电催化还原性能和电极稳定性.本文总结了近些年包括室温离子交换膜、中高温耐热高分子膜和固体氧化物膜的不同离子传导膜在电催化CO_(2)转化中的应用,介绍了不同离子传导膜对CO_(2)还原反应、电极稳定性、产物收集等方面的影响,提出了不同离子传导膜在CO_(2)电还原转化利用过程中存在的问题与挑战,并给出了相应解决策略,最后对未来离子膜在CO_(2)电化学转化利用领域的研究进行了展望.

Using renewable electricity to reduce carbon dioxide emitted during the utilization of fossil energy into value-added carbon-containing chemicals can solve the problem of carbon dioxide emissions and realize the storage of renewable energy.This technique is an important way to achieve China's carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals.On one hand,as an important component of the CO_(2)electrolysis cell,the ion conductivity of the ion conductive membrane determines the conversion efficiency from electrical energy to chemical energy.On the other hand,the selectivity and permeability of different ions greatly affect the reaction microenvironment of the cathode catalyst,thereby affecting the CO_(2)electrocatalytic reduction performance and electrode stability.In this paper,we summarized the applications of different ion-conducting membranes in CO_(2)RR in recent years,including ion-exchange membranes at room temperature,heat-resistant polymer and solid oxide membranes at medium and high temperatures.We introduced the effects of different ion-conducting membranes on CO_(2)reduction reaction,electrode Stability and product collection.The problems and challenges of different ion-conducting membranes in CO_(2)reduction process were put forward,while some solutions were also given.Finally,the future prospect of membrane in electrocatalytic CO_(2)was discussed.