远射程喷雾机喷雾参数优化与试验

Optimization and Test of Spray Parameters of Long-range Sprayer

针对远射程喷雾机作业参数选择不当导致施药过程中药液在果树冠层附着率低及浪费等问题,以3WF-100型远射程喷雾机为试验平台,研究喷雾距离、喷射角度、喷雾压力3个因素对果树药液附着性能的影响。通过单因素试验确定3个因素取值范围,利用三因素三水平的Box-Behnken Design响应面试验分析得到了优化的远射程喷雾机喷雾参数。结果表明:当喷雾压力为0.3~0.5MPa时,雾滴沉积覆盖率达到峰值,叶面为52.5%~71.8%,叶背为27.6%~32.4%;喷射角度为30°~60°时,雾滴流可覆盖果树冠层范围;喷雾距离为2.5~3.5m时,果树药液附着均匀性及雾滴沉积密度均较高。响应面试验方差分析得知:3个因素与喷雾效果呈极显著相关(P<0.01),远射程喷雾机对果树施药作业的优化参数组合为喷雾距离2.5m、喷射角度54°、喷雾压力0.48MPa时雾滴沉积量为7.09μL/cm^(2),提升了远射程喷雾机的施药效果。

In view of the improper selection of operating parameters of the long-range sprayer,the low adhesion rate of the liquid medicine on the fruit tree canopy and the waste of liquid medicine during the application process,the 3WF-100 long-range sprayer was used as the test platform to study the spray distance,spray angle.The influence of three factors of spray pressure on the adhesion performance of fruit tree liquid medicine.The value ranges of the three factors are determined by single factor test,and the optimized long-range sprayer spray parameters are obtained by using the Box-Behnken Design response surface test analysis of three factors and three levels.The test results show that when the spray pressure is 0.3~0.5MPa,the droplet deposition coverage reaches the peak,the leaf surface is 52.5%~71.8%,and the leaf back is 27.6%~32.4%;when the spray angle is 30~60°,the droplet coverage is The flow can cover the range of the fruit tree canopy;when the spray distance is 2.5~3.5m,the uniformity of the adhesion of the fruit tree liquid medicine and the deposition density of droplets are both high.Response surface test variance analysis showed that the three factors are extremely significantly related to the spray effect(P<0.01).The optimized parameter combination for the long-range sprayer for fruit tree spraying operation is the spray distance of 2.5m,the spray angle of 54°,and the spray pressure of 0.48 MPa.The amount of droplets deposited at the time is 7.09uL/cm^(2),which improves the application effect of the long-range sprayer.