拖拉机驱动系统对其性能和油耗的影响及试验研究

Influence of Tractor Drive System on its Performance and Fuel Consumption and Experimental Research

高机械性能和优化能源利用是机械化农业的重要发展目标。为此,通过优化拖拉机驱动系统,研究后轮驱动(RWD)、四轮驱动(4WD)和前轮驱动(FWD)对耕作作业中拖拉机性能和燃料使用的影响。选取轮胎充气压力分别为170、200、230kPa,压载质量分别为0、60、120kg,拉力分别为2、6和10kN,对高尔多尼拖拉机性能进行了测试。结果表明:4WD系统对拖拉机滚动阻力的影响最大,在不超过允许滑移的情况下可获得更高的牵引力;当拉力为2kN时,RWD系统的油耗最小,4WD系统的油耗最大;在10kN的拉力下,驱动系统的类型对降低油耗有显著影响,4WD系统的油耗达到了最低。

High mechanical performance and optimized energy utilization are important development goals of mechanized agriculture.In this study,by optimizing the tractor drive system:mainly including the effects of rear wheel drive(RWD),four wheel drive(4WD)and front wheel drive(FWD)on tractor performance and fuel use in farming operations,the tire inflation pressures were selected as 170,The effects of 200 and 230 kPa,ballast weights of 0,60 and 120 kg,and pull forces of 2,6 and 10 kN,respectively,on the performance of the Gordoni tractor were tested.The test results show that the 4WD system has the greatest impact on the rolling resistance of the tractor,and the 4WD system can obtain higher traction without exceeding the allowable slippage.When the pulling force is 2kN,the fuel consumption of the RWD system is the smallest,and the fuel consumption of the 4WD system is the largest.But under the 10kN pulling force,the type of drive system has a significant effect on reducing fuel consumption,and the fuel consumption of the 4WD system is the lowest.