自锁托槽与结扎式托槽对牙周病患者正畸治疗的舒适度及牙周功能的影响

Comparison of Comfort and Periodontal Function between Self-ligating Brackets and Ligating Brackets in Orthodontic Treatment of Patients with Periodontal Disease

目的:比较分析自锁托槽与结扎式托槽对牙周病患者正畸治疗的舒适度及牙周功能的影响。方法:将2019年1月-2021年1月笔者医院收治的50例牙周病行矫治器正畸治疗的患者纳入研究。根据随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,各25例。对照组患者采用结扎式托槽矫治器治疗,观察组患者采用自锁托槽矫治器治疗。两组均持续固定矫治18个月,比较两组牙周探针深度(Probes depth,PD)、附着水平(Attachment level,AL)、牙龈指数(Gingival index,GI)等牙周状态指标,比较两组白细胞介素1β(Interleukin-1β,IL-1β)、肿瘤坏死因子(Tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)、C-反应蛋白(C-reactive protein,CRP)等炎症因子水平及患者满意度。结果:治疗后,两组PD、AL、GI较治疗前明显下降,且观察组低于对照组(P<0.05);治疗后,两组IL-1β、TNF-α、CRP等炎症因子水平降低,且观察组低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组舒适度、咬合功能和便捷性等满意度评分均高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:与传统结扎式托槽矫治器相比,自锁托槽矫治器矫治牙周病患者可取得更加良好的正畸效果,改善患者牙周状态,减轻牙周组织炎症反应,有效提高佩戴舒适度,患者满意度较高。

Objective To investigate the effects of self-ligating brackets and ligature brackets on the comfort and periodontal function of patients with periodontal disease.Methods Fifty patients with periodontal disease treated with orthodontic appliances in the author’s hospital from January 2019 to January 2021 were included in the study.They were randomly divided into control group and observation group,25 cases in each group.The patients in the control group were treated with ligature bracket appliance,while patients in the observation group were treated with self-ligating appliance.The Probes depth(PD),attachment level(AL)and gingival index(GI)were compared between the two groups,and the levels of interleukin-1β(IL-1β),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)and C-reactive protein(CRP)were compared between the two groups.The patient satisfaction were compared between the two groups.Results After treatment,the PD,AL and GI of the two groups were significantly lower than those before treatment,and the observation group was lower than the control group(P<0.05).After treatment,the levels of inflammatory factors such as IL-1β,TNF-αand CRP decreased in both groups,and the levels in the observation group were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).The satisfaction scores of comfort,occlusal function and convenience in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Compared with the traditional ligature brackets appliance,the self-ligating brackets appliance can achieve better orthodontic effect in the treatment of patients with periodontal disease,improve the periodontal status of patients,reduce the inflammatory reaction of periodontal tissue,effectively improve the wearing comfort,and have higher patient satisfaction.