滴灌条件下水肥调控模式对九三大豆产量影响分析

Analysis on the Influence of Water and Fertilizer Regulation Mode on the Yield of Jiusan Soybean Under Drip Irrigation

针对九三大豆水资源与肥料利用率低下的实际情况,以九三大豆为研究对象,设置不同的灌水量、氮肥、磷肥和钾肥施入水平,在滴灌条件下进行田间试验,采用二次最优饱和试验设计,建立大豆产量与水、氮、磷、钾四因素之间的回归方程,分析滴灌条件下不同水肥调控模式下的大豆产量。研究结果表明:水、氮、磷、钾四因素均能有效地影响大豆产量,影响顺序为氮>水>钾>磷,且产量随着氮、水、钾、磷施入量的增加表现为先增加后减小。通过两因素之间的交互作用可以分析得出:大豆产量的变化均表现出先增大的趋势,超过一定阈值后产量随之降低;氮对产量的影响效果大于钾、磷、水的影响效果,水对产量的影响效果大于磷、钾的影响效果,钾对产量的影响效果大于磷的影响效果。二因素交互作用对产量影响的顺序为氮钾>氮水>钾水>氮磷>磷水>钾磷,氮与钾耦合、氮与磷耦合、氮与水耦合、钾与水耦合、磷与水耦合对产量的增加具有促进作用,钾、磷耦合对大豆产量具有抑制作用。研究结果可为实现东北黑土大豆水肥资源高效利用提供理论依据与技术支撑。

In view of the actual situation of the low utilization rate of water resources and fertilizers in Jiu San soybeans,the Jiu San soybeans were taken as the research object,and different levels of irrigation water,nitrogen fertilizer,phosphate fertilizer and potassium fertilizer were set.The second optimal saturation experimental design was used to establish a regression equation between soybean yield and four factors of water,nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium,and to analyze soybean yield under different water and fertilizer regulation modes under drip irrigation.The research results showed that water,nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium could effectively affect soybean yield,and the order of their effects on yield was:nitrogen>water>potassium>phosphorus.Yield first increased and then decreased with the increase of nitrogen,water,potassium and phosphorus application rates;through the interaction between the two factors,it can be concluded that the changes of soybean yield increased first,and then increased after a certain threshold was exceeded.Yields decreased accordingly.The effect of nitrogen on yield is greater than that of potassium,phosphorus and water,the effect of water on yield is greater than that of phosphorus and potassium,and the effect of potassium on yield is greater than that of phosphorus.The order of the effect of the interaction of two factors on yield:nitrogen and potassium>nitrogen water>potassium water>nitrogen and phosphorus>phosphorus water>potassium and phosphorus,nitrogen and potassium coupling,nitrogen and phosphorus coupling,nitrogen and water coupling,potassium and water coupling,phosphorus The coupling with water has a promoting effect on the increase of yield,and the coupling with potassium and phosphorus has an inhibitory effect on soybean yield.The research results provide theoretical basis and technical support for the efficient utilization of soybean water and fertilizer resources in Northeast black soil.