温室用纯电动牵引底盘结构设计及性能仿真研究

Structure Design and Performance Simulation of Battery Electric Traction Chassis for Greenhouse

传统燃油农用机械在温室大棚内部作业时,会产生尾气污染、噪声等危害劳动者身体健康的不安全因素。针对以上问题,设计了一款基于轮毂电机四轮独立驱动可升降的多功能纯电动牵引底盘。牵引底盘的设计旨在不仅可以挂载传统农业作业装置,而且可以搭载其他智能农业装备完成农忙时的犁耕、旋耕等作业,或闲时用于作物生长环境监测、病虫除害等作业。牵引底盘前后轴距设计为1.2m,左右轮距设计为1m,最小离地间隙255mm,最高离地间隙335mm,整机质量225kg。根据设计要求,选择三元锂离子电池做为整个底盘的能量提供单元,驱动电机选用轮毂电机。牵引底盘设计额定牵引力为2600N,额定功率为6kW。通过Matlab/Simulink对整个底盘进行动力学性能仿真分析得出:底盘最高时速55km/h,最大牵引力3700N,最大爬坡度30°,在犁耕作业工况下的可持续作业时间为1.2h。研究结果可为后续实验研究提供样机,进而为温室用纯电动机械提供设计参考。

When the traditional fuel-fired agricultural machinery works in the greenhouse,it will produce unsafe factors such as tail gas pollution,noise and so on,which endanger workers'health.Aiming at the above problems,this paper designs a multifunctional battery electric traction chassis which can be lifted and lowered based on four-wheel independent drive of hub motor.The design of the traction chassis is designed to mount not only traditional agricultural operation devices,but also other intelligent agricultural equipment,which can be used for plowing,rotary tillage and other operations in busy time,and also for monitoring crop growth environment,pest control and other operations in idle time.The front and rear wheelbase of the traction chassis is designed to be 1.2m,the left and right wheel tracks are designed to be 1m,the minimum ground clearance is 255mm,the maximum ground clearance is 335mm,and the whole machine mass is 225kg.According to the design requirements,ternary lithium ion battery is selected as the energy supply unit of the whole chassis,and hub motor is selected as the driving motor.The designed rated traction force of the traction chassis is 2600N and the rated power is 6kw.The dynamic performance of the whole chassis is simulated and analyzed by Matlab/simulink,and it is concluded that the chassis has a maximum speed of 55km/h,a maximum traction force of 3700N and a maximum climbing degree of 30,and the sustainable working time is 1.2h hours under ploughing conditions.The research results can provide practical information for subsequent experimental research.