模块药盒装填位置及药粒散布状态对内弹道特性影响的数值模拟研究

Numerical Simulation on the Influence of Filling Position of Modular Cartridge and Particle Distribution State on Internal Ballistic Characteristics

为了优化模块装药的装药设计,深入分析单模块装药的内弹道稳定深层机理,针对单模块装药模块药盒的不同装填位置及药盒破碎后火药颗粒的散布状态对压力波等内弹道特性的影响规律展开研究,基于经典内弹道理论建立模块装药一维气-固两相流内弹道模型,采用MacCormack差分方法进行数值计算,对比分析其内弹道参量在时间、空间上的变化规律。对模块药盒初始位置距膛底距离为0,100,200,300,400和500 mm的6种工况下的内弹道过程进行了数值计算及分析对比,发现模块药盒不同初始装填位置对内弹道特性有一定的影响。随着模块药盒离开膛底距离增大,膛内最大压力先增大后减小、弹丸初速也先提高后降低,在药盒初始位置距膛底100 mm时达到最大压力和最高弹丸初速;对模块药盒破碎后药粒在膛内的均匀散布、线性散布和后堆式散布等3种状态下的内弹道过程进行了数值模拟及分析。结果表明,药粒的均匀散布与线性散布对内弹道参量影响不大,而药粒的后堆散布会延长整个燃烧过程,同时降低膛压峰值和弹丸出口速度。

In order to optimize the charge design of modular charge and deeply analyze the deep mechanism of internal ballistic stability of single-module charge,the influence law of different loading positions of modular charge cartridge and the dispersion state of powder particles after the cartridge was broken on internal ballistic characteristics such as pressure wave was studied.Based on the classical internal ballistic theory,the one-dimensional gas-solid two-phase flow internal-ballistic model of modular charge was established,and the MacCormack difference method was used for numerical calculation,and the variation law of its internal-ballistic parameters in time and space was compared and analyzed.Numerical calculation,analysis and comparison were carried out for the interior ballistic process of six working-conditions,in which the distance between the initial position of the modular medicine box and the bore bottom was 0 mm,100 mm,200 mm,300 mm,400 mm and 500 mm.The result shows that different initial loading positions of the modular medicine box have a certain influence on the interior ballistic characteristics.With the increase of the distance between the module cartridge box and the chamber bottom,the maximum pressure in the chamber increases first and then decreases,and the muzzle velocity of the projectile also increases first and then decreases.When the initial position of the cartridge box is 100 mm from the bottom of the chamber,the maximum pressure and the maximum muzzle velocity of the projectile reach.Numerical simulation and analysis were conducted on the internal ballistic process of the broken module cartridge in three states:uniform dispersion,linear dispersion,and post stack dispersion.The results show that the uniform and linear dispersion of the cartridge has little effect on the internal ballistic parameters,while the post stack dispersion of the cartridge can prolong the entire combustion process and reduce the peak pressure in the chamber and the exit velocity of projectile.