锂金属电池用高性能含氟电解液研究进展

Research Progress of High-Performance Fluorinated Electrolytes for Lithium Metal Batteries

由于具有极高理论能量密度,锂金属电池吸引了研究者们的广泛关注。但锂金属电池的安全隐患以及较差的循环性能极大限制了其广泛应用。电解液调控是提高锂金属电池安全性、延长循环性能的主要手段之一。目前研究发现,含氟电解液在形成致密稳定的电解液/界面薄膜、调节溶剂化结构、诱导锂离子均匀沉积等方面可以起到良好的作用。对含氟溶剂、锂盐、添加剂的研究现状、作用机理、作用效果进行总结及展望,以期对后续优化电解液、推进锂金属电池产业化进程提供参考和帮助。

Lithium metal batteries(LMB)have attracted humungous attention for the extremely high theoretical energy density.However,the industrial application of LMB is hindered by the potential safety hazard and the poor cycling performance.Electrolyte engineering is one the most effective strategies against these disadvantages.Hitherto,fluorinated electrolyte has been proved to play an important role on the formation of stable and uniform electrode/electrolyte interface,modifying solvation structure,inducing the uniform deposition of lithium ion.The research progress of fluorinated solvation,salt,and addictive is summarized here.An outlook with several design strategies and challenges is proposed for designing of novel fluorinated electrolytes promoting the industrialization of LMB.