精密仪器承载板的多尺度轻量化设计

Multi-scale lightweight design of precision instrument bearing plate

针对过载下航空零件精密仪器承载板的结构轻量化和力学性能提升的需求,融合拓扑优化和点阵优化的优点,以结构最小柔顺度为约束、质量最小化为目标,提出了一种拓扑优化与点阵优化相结合的多尺度轻量化设计方法,并对关键参数格栅结构、格栅填充比和体积约束设计了三因素三水平正交实验,在保证安全性能的前提下使优化件达到质量最轻。结果表明,多尺度轻量化后的仪器承载板的质量减轻了85.2%,过载下的变形降低了29.07%,结构的动力学性能得到提升。在拓扑优化基础上再采用格栅结构填充的多尺度优化设计方法可降低优化件的质量,为航空领域中承载板类零件的轻量化设计提供了参考。

In order to meet the needs of structural lightweight and mechanical performance improvement of precision instrument bearing plates for aviation parts under overload,the advantages of topology optimization and lattice optimization were integrated,and a multi-scale lightweight design method combining topology optimization and lattice optimization was proposed with the minimum flexibility of the structure as the constraint and the mass minimization as the goal.A three-level three-factor orthogonal experiment was designed for the key parameters of the grid structure,grid filling ratio and volume constraints,so that the optimized parts could achieve the lightest mass under the premise of ensuring the safety performance.The results show that the mass of the multi-scale lightweight instrument bearing plate is reduced by 85.2%,the deformation under overload is reduced by 29.07%,and the dynamic performance of the structure is improved.The multi-scale optimization design method of grid structure filling on the basis of topology optimization can reduce the mass of the optimized parts,which provides some reference for the lightweight design of load-bearing plate parts in the aviation field.