应用初乳对早产儿进行口腔护理干预的效果研究

A Study on the Effect of Oral Care Intervention Using Colostrum in Preterm Infants

观察初乳对早产儿进行口腔护理干预的效果。选取贵阳市妇幼保健院自2021年11月—2023年5月收治的68例早产儿作为研究对象,将全部早产儿按随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,其中对照组进行常规护理,观察组在对照组的基础上应用初乳涂抹口腔,对比两组临床护理干预效果。观察组早产儿的恢复到出生体重的时间、开始进行肠内喂养的时间、开始经口喂养的时间(第一次实际摄入奶量>5mL)、全肠道喂养时间(连续2d摄入奶量>120mL/kg)均短于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。针对两组喂养不耐受和院内感染发生概率进行比较能够得知,观察组早产儿的不耐受发生概率为2.94%,对照组为29.41%,观察组早产儿的院内感染发生概率是2.94%,对照组为26.47%,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。通过对两组血清学有关检查指标进行对比能够得知,观察组早产儿的各项指标明显优于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),表明应用初乳对早产儿进行口腔护理干预具备积极影响。研究发现,运用初乳实施口腔护理干预,能够显著降低早产儿有关喂养并发症发生概率,对喂养进程起到促进作用,可以提升早产儿免疫能力。

To observe the effect of colostrum on oral care intervention in preterm infants.A total of 68 preterm infants admitted to Guiyang Maternal and Child Health Hospital from November 2021 to May 2023 were selected as the research subjects,and all preterm infants were divided into control group and observation group according to the random number table method,in which the control group was used for routine nursing,and the observation group was smeared with colostrum on the basis of the control group,and the clinical nursing intervention effect of the two groups was compared.The time of recovery to birth weight,the time of initiation of enteral feeding,the time of initiation of oral feeding(the first actual milk intake>5 mL),and the time of full enteral feeding(milk intake for 2 consecutive days>120 mL/kg)in the observation group were significantly shorter than those in the control group(P<0.05).According to the comparison of the probability of feeding intolerance and nosocomial infection between the two groups,the probability of intolerance was 2.94%in the observation group and 29.41%in the control group,and the probability of nosocomial infection in the observation group was 2.94%and 26.47%in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Through the comparison of serological examination indexes between the two groups,it was concluded that the indicators of preterm infants in the observation group were significantly better than those in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05),indicating that the application of colostrum had a positive impact on oral care intervention in preterm infants.The study found that the use of colostrum to implement oral care intervention can significantly reduce the probability of feeding complications in preterm infants,promote the feeding process,and improve the immunity of preterm infants.