专利视角下全球工厂化农业技术发展态势分析

Development Trend of Global Factory Agriculture Technology from Patent Perspective

工厂化农业已成为未来农业发展的战略方向,发展工厂化农业是推进现代农业转型升级、提高农业“三率”的重要途径。通过专利文献分析,了解和掌握工厂化农业的发展现状及研究态势。选取PatSnap(智慧芽)数据库作为专利数据源,对工厂化农业技术进行分析;基于文献计量和可视化的方法,从专利的时间序列分布、申请人类型、国家/区域分布、申请机构、发明人和热点技术领域6个方面纵观工厂化农业的发展趋势与竞争态势。结果表明,工厂化农业技术专利数量呈逐年递增的趋势;公司是进行农业工厂化技术专利布局数量最大的主体,院校和科研院所是进行基础研究的主要群体;美国是专利申请量最多的国家,同时也是专利布局最大的市场。我国工厂化农业在核心关键技术及产出效能上与发达国家仍存在一定差距,因此将工厂化农业提升到国家重要业态和重大战略地位,重点突破一批对外依存度高的核心关键技术,加快产业化进程,最终实现技术落地。

Factory agriculture has become strategic direction of agricultural development in the future.Developing factory agriculture is an important way to promote transformation and upgrading of modern agriculture and improve the"three rates"of agriculture.By analyzing patents,development status and research trend of factory agriculture was understood and grasped.PatSnap database was selected as patent data source to analyze technology of factory agriculture.Based on method of bibliometric and visualization,development trend and competition situation of factory agriculture were reviewed from six aspects:patent time series distribution,applicant type,national/regional distribution,applicant institution,inventor and hot technology field.Results indicated that number of factory agricultural technology patents increased year by year.Companies were main body of agricultural industrial technology patent layout,and colleges and research institutes were main groups of basic research.The United States was the country with the largest number of patent applications as well as the largest market for patent distribution.There is still a certain gap between China's factory agriculture and developed countries in terms of core key technologies and output efficiency.Therefore,factory agriculture should be elevated to an important national business form and strategic position,focus on breaking through a group of core key technologies with high external dependence,accelerate industrialization process,and ultimately achieve technology landing.