GeneXpert MTB/RIF粪便检测在儿童结核病中的研究进展

Research progress of GeneXpert MTB/RIF stool test in children tuberculosis

儿童活动性结核病存在标本获取困难和病原学诊断阳性率低等问题,而利福平耐药实时荧光定量核酸扩增检测技术(Mycobacterium tuberculosis and rifampin-resistant,简称“Xpert”)作为一种快速检测结核分枝杆菌(MTB)和利福平耐药性的方法,以较高的敏感度和特异度为结核病的诊断提供了可靠的依据。目前,该方法已广泛应用于痰液或胃液检测,关于粪便样本对诊断肺结核的应用价值基本得到肯定,但肺外结核应用仍需要大量研究验证。笔者就该方法用于检测儿童结核病粪便样本中的MTB进行综述,为Xpert用于儿童粪便检测在临床中的应用提供参考。

Difficulties in obtaining specimens and low positive rates in pathogen diagnosis exist in pediatric active tuberculosis.Xpert,a real-time fluorescence quantitative nucleic acid amplification test for Mycobacterium tuberculosis(MTB)and rifampin resistance,is rapid and provides a reliable basis for the diagnosis of tuberculosis with high sensitivity and specificity.Currently,this method has been widely used for sputum or gastric fluid test,and the application value of fecal samples in pulmonary tuberculosis diagnosis has been almost affirmed,while further research is still needed for extra-pulmonary tuberculosis.This article reviewed the use of this method for detecting MTB in fecal samples of children with tuberculosis,aiming to provide reference for the clinical application of Xpert in fecal testing for children.