死亡的双重性:论莫里斯·布朗肖的死亡美学

The Duality of Death: On Maurice Blanchot'sAesthetics of Death

死亡主题贯穿了布朗肖的全部作品,把他对文学、语言、哲学、政治、伦理学的论述全部串联起来。死亡既是他理论著作中重点阐释的对象,也是他“叙事”作品中重要的意象。布朗肖肯定了黑格尔的死亡的否定性力量,认为这是死亡的“可能性”,他在海德格尔的基础上将死亡“不可能性的可能性”变为“可能性的不可能性”,提出了“不可能性”的死亡。布朗肖认为死亡与文学、语言、黑夜有相通之处,“不可能”的死亡即是文学的“第二个斜面”,是遮蔽的语言,是“另一种夜”。他所追求的死亡即是自由,是美和超越。布朗肖一生围绕死亡和写作在思考,他的作品形成了自己独特的文学空间和死亡美学。

The theme of death runs through all of Bronchot's works,connecting all his discussions on literature,language,philosophy,politics and ethics.Death is not only the focus of his theoretical works but also an important image in his"narrative"works.Blanchot affirmed the negative power of Hegel's death,which he thought was the"possibility"of death.Based on Heidegger,he changed the"impossible possibility"of death into"possible impossibility"and proposed the"impossible"death.Blanchot believes that death has something in common with literature,language and night,and that"impossible"death is the"second inclined plane"of literature,the veiled language and"another kind of night".The death he sought was freedom,beauty and transcendence.Blanchot thought about death and writing all his life,and his works formed their own unique literary space and aesthetics of death.