基于需要层次理论的师生课堂虚假互动现象探析

Analysis on the Phenomenon of False Interaction between Teachers and Students Based on the Hierarchy of Needs Theory

教师与学生之间深入、有效的课堂互动能够促进师生之间的情感交流、思想碰撞乃至心灵对话,真正达到教学相长的效果。但目前的课堂教学中存在着师生虚假互动现象,严重影响课堂教学生态。从需要层次理论着手,发现现象的产生与教师和学生两者有关,主要是学生低层次需要占主导,自身“安全”成为第一考量;学生对自身需要缺少认知,缺乏持续参与互动的动机;教师对学生需要缺乏重视,挫伤了学生互动积极性;教师表现为控制型激励风格,教学过于追求外在目标。从原因出发找到有效的消解之策,即学生应追求高层次需要,在课堂互动中完成自我实现;学生须厘清自身真实需要,激发参与课堂互动的动机;教师应在教学过程中重视学生需要,提升学生课堂互动的积极性;教师须规避控制型激励风格,教学回归内在目标的实现。

Deep and effective classroom interaction between teachers and students can promote emotional exchange,ideas collision,and even spiritual dialogue between teachers and students,truly achieving the effect of mutual benefit between teaching and learning.However,there is a phenomenon of false interaction between teachers and students in current classroom teaching,which seriously affects the classroom teaching ecology.Starting from the hierarchy of needs theory,it is found that the emergence of phenomena is related to both teachers and students,mainly with students’low-level needs domination,and their own"safety"becoming the first consideration;Students lack awareness of their own needs and motivation to continuously participate in interactions;Teachers lack attention to students'needs,which dampens their enthusiasm for interaction;Teachers exhibit a controlled motivational style and excessively pursue external goals in their teaching.Starting from the reasons to find effective solutions,means that,students should pursue high-level needs and achieve self realization in classroom interaction;Students need to clarify their true needs and stimulate their motivation to participate in classroom interactions;Teachers should pay attention to students'needs during the teaching process and stimulate their enthusiasm for classroom interaction;Teachers must avoid a controlled motivational style and return to achieving internal goals in teaching.