青少年生命质量及自我效能与饮食控油行为的相关性研究

Study on the Correlation Between Adolescent Life Quality,Self-efficacy,and Oil Control Behavior in Diet

目的探究青少年的生命质量及自我效能与饮食控油行为的相关性,为改善青少年膳食营养结构、促进青少年的饮食控油行为提供依据。方法于2020年10月21-31日,采用多阶段抽样的方法,对来自全国14个省(自治区、直辖市)的1007名青少年的基本特征、饮食控油行为、自我效能和生命质量进行线上问卷调查,运用描述性统计、卡方检验、二元Logistic回归等方法分析青少年生命质量和自我效能与饮食控油行为的相关性。结果青少年饮食控油率为56.41%,青少年生命质量健康效用值为0.88(0.778,1.00)分,自我效能为32.00(27.00,38.00)分。Logistic回归结果显示,青少年的饮酒行为“平均每月饮酒次数≤2”(OR=0.60,95%CI:0.45~0.81和“平均每月饮酒次数≥3”(OR=0.47,95%CI:0.31~0.72)是饮食控油行为的危险因素。青少年自我效能“中分组”(OR=1.68,95%CI:1.19~2.37)和“高分组”(OR=3.20,95%CI:2.06~4.95)是饮食控油行为的保护因素;生命质量中焦虑/抑郁存在“严重问题”(OR=0.46,95%CI:0.21~0.97)是饮食控油行为的危险因素。结论青少年的饮食控油行为的现况仍不乐观,提升青少年的生命质量和自我效能水平可能有益于饮食控油行为的养成。应重点加强青少年的饮食营养教育,帮助青少年提升自我效能和生命质量,促使青少年养成良好的饮食控油习惯。

Objective To investigate the correlation between adolescents'quality of life,self-efficacy and dietary oil control behavior,and to provide a basis for improving adolescents'dietary nutrition structure and promoting adolescents'dietary oil control behavior.MethodsFrom October 21,2020 to October 31,2020,an online questionnaire was administered to 1007 adolescents from 14 provinces(autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government)using a multi-stage sampling method to analyze the correlation between adolescents'quality of life,self-efficacy and dietary oil control behavior.Data were analyzedby descriptive statistics,chi-square test,and binary logistic regression.Results The adolescent dietary oil control rate was 56.41%,the adolescent quality of life health effect value was 0.88(0.778,1.00)points,and the self-efficacy was 32.00(27.00,38.00)points.Logistic regression results showed that adolescents'drinking behavior(mean number of drinks per month≤2(OR=0.60,95%CI:0.45-0.81)and mean number of drinks per month≥3(OR=0.47,95%CI:0.31-0.72)were risk factors for dietary oil control behavior;Adolescents'self-efficacy"medium group"(OR=1.68,95%CI:1.19-2.37)and"high group"(OR=3.20,95%CI:2.06-4.95)were protective factors for dietary oil control behavior;Anxiety/depression was a"serious problem"(OR=0.46,95%CI:0.21-0.97)was a risk factor for dietary oil control behavior.Conclusion The current status of dietary oil control behaviors among adolescents is still not optimistic,and enhancing the quality of life and self-efficacy of adolescents may be beneficial for the development of dietary oil control behaviors.The focus should be on strengthening the diet and nutrition education of adolescents to help them improve their self-efficacy and quality of life,and to promote the development of good dietary oil control habits.