林下种植模式对云南松人工林植被物种多样性的影响

Effects of Underwood Planting Patterns on the Diversity of Vegetation Species in Pinus yunnanensis Plantation

为研究不同林下种植扰动模式对云南松人工林植被多样性的影响,在云南松人工林下,设置无干扰、30%扰动、50%扰动、100%扰动4种模式种植森林蔬菜大参,研究不同种植扰动模式对生物多样性的影响。结果显示:扰动增加了物种数量和生物多样性,无干扰模式(对照)调查到植物最少(22科37种),不同强度扰动后物种数均增加,以30%扰动模式最多(37科66种),物种数提高了78.38%,物种多样性的由高到低的规律为30%扰动>100%扰动>50%扰动>无干扰;总体上,云南松林下植物物种多样性指数为30%扰动模式最优,50%扰动模式次之,100%扰动模式物种多样性相对较低;物种生活型以高位芽植物和地面芽植物为主。研究结果表明:在云南松林下种植大参时以30%扰动模式较好。研究为解决当前林下种植单一追求经济效益而过度开垦林下土地,引起的生物多样性减少等生态问题作参考。

In order to study the impact of different underwood planting disturbance modes on the vegetation diversity of Pinus yunnanensis plantation,four management modes,namely no disturbance,30%disturbance,50%disturbance,and 100%disturbance,were set up under P.yunnanensis plantation in Kunming Arboretum to plant forest vegetable Macropanax dispermus.The results indicated that disturbance increasesd the richness of plants and improved the species diversity.There were 37 species belonging to 22 families in the non-interference sample plots,and the number of species increased after disturbance.There were 66 species belonging to 37 families in the 30%disturbance sample plots,which has the most number of species and the total number of species has increased by 78.38%compared with the non-interference.The pattern exhibited by the number of species is 30%disturbance>100%disturbance>50%disturbance>no disturbance.Overall,the species diversity is optimal for the 30%disturbance mode,followed by the 50%disturbance mode,and the species diversity is relatively low for the 100%disturbance mode.The species life form is mainly composed of Phanerophytes and Hemicryptophytes.The study provided a reference for addressing ecological issues such as biodiversity reduction caused by excessive reclamation due to the pursuit of economic benefits in underwood planting.