领导行为如何影响领导自身?综述与未来方向

How do Leader Behaviors Affect Leaders Themselves?Review and Future Directions

在领导研究领域中,领导行为的影响效应是一个极其重要的研究话题。然而,现有文献大多关注领导行为对员工、团队或组织产生的影响,很少关注其对领导者自身的影响。近年来,部分新兴的领导研究开始从行为者视角出发,关注领导行为对领导者(行为者)自身的影响,这些研究为理解领导行为产生的动因提供了新的理论见解,为领导行为培训提供了新的实践启示。基于此,本文梳理了目前关于领导行为对自身影响的研究,理清相关研究的主要脉络及发展方向。具体地,首先根据领导行为性质(建设型或破坏型)和影响效果(积极或消极)两个维度,将领导行为对自身影响研究划分为四大类:①建设型领导行为对领导者的积极影响研究;②建设型领导行为对领导者的消极影响研究;③破坏型领导行为对领导者的消极影响研究;④破坏型领导行为对领导者的积极影响研究。进一步,根据以上分类,系统回顾关于领导行为对自身影响的研究文献,提炼背后的理论机制和作用路径。最后,在此基础上,提出该领域的未来研究方向。

In the leadership literature,the research on the influence of leader behaviors is a very important topic.However,most of the existing literature focuses on the influence of leader behaviors on employees,teams,and organizations,while limited attention was paid to their potential influence on leaders themselves.In recent years,some emerging studies have investigated the influence of leader behaviors on leaders themselves from an actor-centered perspective.These researches provide new theoretical insights for understanding the emergence of leader behaviors,and provide new practical implications for the training of leader behaviors.Therefore,current researches were sorted out on the influence of leader behaviors on leaders themselves to clarify the main vein and future direction.Specifically,researches were sorted out into four categories according to two dimensions of the nature of leadership behavior(i.e.,constructive or destructive leadership behavior)and types of impacts(i.e.,positive or negative influence):researches on the positive influence of constructive leadership on leaders.Researches on the negative influence of constructive leadership on leaders.Researches on the negative influence of destructive leadership on leaders.Researches on the positive influence of destructive leadership on leaders.Further,based on the above classification,existing research literature on the influence of leader behaviors on leaders themselves were systematically reviewed to integrate the underlying theoretical mechanisms.Finally,future directions for the development of leadership from the actor-centered perspective are proposed.