长江三角洲城际客流网络的时空特征与影响因素——基于年内春运与小长假的异同性分析

Spatial Characteristics of Intercity Passenger Flow Network in the Yangtze River Delta and Its Influencing Factors:Based on the Spring Rush and Other Short Holidays’Rush

作为中国经济引擎和改革试验区,探测长江三角洲年内各时期城际客流网络的异同性更能透析空间一体化发展的新特征新问题。基于年内春运与小长假的居民城际出行数据,从“点—线—面”维度对长江三角洲城际客流网络时空特征展开比较分析、探知影响因素和潜藏规律。研究表明:①两时期长江三角洲城市客流量趋向“西北—东南”的分布方向,形成“一主四副”核心的“フ”形空间格局,且边缘地带城市的客流量在春运更高。②小长假日均客流量远高于春运;小长假64.66%的客流量集聚于省内且局域空间一体化最密切,春运47.69%的客流量发生在省际且全域空间一体化更紧密。③春运形成3种城市组团类型,小长假以省域单一型城市组团为主且空间结构更加清晰;首位城市与边缘地带城市的客流联系在春运更紧密;受到择优联系、邻近链接和路径依赖的制约,两时期形成3种空间组织模式,尤其春运更趋复杂。④两时期城际客流网络发育受到城市属性、出行成本、邻近关系、人口特性和历史惯性的共同影响,但解释变量差异明显。希冀能为推动形成优势互补高质量一体化发展的区域新布局提供实践指导。

This study performs a comparative analysis of the spatiotemporal characteristics of the intercity passenger flow network from the point-line-surface dimension based on the residents'intercity travel data during the Spring Rush and other short holidays'rush,and identifies its influencing factors and laws.It's found that:1)The passenger flow of the Yangtze River Delta shows the distribution characteristics of"northwest-southeast"direction during the two-type rush periods,and forms spatial pattern with"one core and four sub-cores",and the passenger flow in the fringe areas of cities is higher in the Spring Rush.2)The average daily flow in the other short holidays'rush is much higher than that in the Spring Rush.64.66%of the passenger flow is concentrated within the province and forms the closest spatial integration in the other short holidays'rush;47.69%of the passenger flow occurs in the inter-provincial during the the Spring Rush and forms the closer spatial integration of the whole area.3)There is three types of city groups during the Spring Rush.It's dominated by city group which is located in the same province in the other short holidays'rush,whose spatial structure is more clear.It has stronger passenger flow links between the first city and the cities in the fringe areas in the Spring Rush.Due to merit-based connection,adjacent link and path dependence,it forms three spatial organization patterns in the two periods,the spatial organization pattern is more complex in the Spring Rush.4)The development of intercity passenger flow network in the two periods is influenced by a combination of the urban attributes,travel cost,proximity,population characteristics and historical inertia,but the explanatory variables differ significantly.