上海市物流企业时空格局演化及区位选择

Evolution of the Spatio-temporal Pattern and Location Selection of Logistics Enterprises in Shanghai

文章基于2000—2022年微观物流企业数据,采用最邻近指数等方法刻画了上海市物流企业时空格局演化特征,采用负二项回归方法探究了物流企业区位选择的影响因素。研究发现:①上海市物流业总体及子行业均呈现显著的空间集聚特征,集聚水平不断提升,其中,供应链管理企业集聚水平提升最快。②缓冲区分析结果表明,2022年,交通运输和MTSAI两个行业企业数量峰值出现在远郊地区,仓储业和供应链管理两个行业企业数量峰值呈现远离市中心的多峰值分布特征,邮政业企业数量峰值仍位于市中心附近。③物流业总体及子行业的空间分布从城市中心的“单核”结构向“多核、向郊区扩展”的空间格局转变,其中,仓储和供应链管理企业的空间格局呈现均匀分布态势。④负二项回归结果发现,物流企业的区位选择受区位条件、产业关联、政府政策、集聚效应和区域信息服务供给能力等因素的综合影响,不同类型物流企业的选址影响因素基本一致。

Based on the data of micro-logistics enterprises from 2000 to 2022,this paper describes the spatial-temporal pattern evolution of logistics enterprises in Shanghai by using the nearest proximity index and other methods,and explores the influencing factors of logistics enterprises'location choice by using the negative binomial regression method.The results are as followings:1)The whole logistics industry and its sub-sectors both show significant agglomeration characteristics and the agglomeration strength continues to increase.Among them,the agglomeration level of supply chain management improves the fastest.2)Buffer analysis results show that,in 2022,the peak number of enterprises in the transportation and MTSAI industries appears in the outer suburbs,the peak number of enterprises in the warehousing and supply chain management industries presents a multi-peak distribution feature away from the city center,and the peak number of enterprises in the postal industry is still located near the city center.3)The spatial distribution of the overall logistics industry and its sub-sectors has changed from the"single-core"structure in the urban center to the"multi-core and suburban expansion"spatial pattern,among which warehousing and supply chain management enterprises shows the even spatial distribution trend.4)The negative binomial regression results show that the location choice of logistics enterprises is comprehensively affected by factors such as location conditions,industrial correlation,government policies,agglomeration effect and regional information service supply ability.The factors influencing location decision of different types of logistics enterprises are basically same.