正交设计法优选鬼针草中多糖的提取工艺研究

Orthogonal design method to optimize the extraction process of polysaccharides from Bidens pilosa L.

目的对鬼针草中多糖的提取工艺进行研究,在单因素实验的基础上,采用正交法,结合紫外-可见分光光度法,对鬼针草多糖的提取工艺条件进行优化,以获取最佳提取工艺条件,并与水浴提取法进行比较研究。方法以葡萄糖标准样品溶液为对照品,用紫外-可见分光光度法测定样品吸光度。在单因素试验的基础之上,以鬼针草中多糖提取率为考察指标,采用正交试验,进一步筛选优化多糖提取工艺条件。测定料液比、温度、超声功率和时间四个因素对提取工艺的影响。结果鬼针草多糖在0.00~120.00μg/ml浓度范围内与吸光度呈良好线性关系,R2为0.9996。在此条件下,得到在60℃、料液比为1∶20(g/ml)、超声功率为80%、超声提取40 min为最佳提取条件。结论本法提取简便、效率高,可用于工业化生产,为研究鬼针草多糖的药理作用以及开发利用鬼针草多糖提供一定的科学依据。

Objective The research of extraction of polysaccharides from Bidens pilosa L.is based on the single factor experiment,utilising the orthogonal method and UV-Vis spectrophotometry to optimize the process conditions and then comparing with water bath extraction.Methods Using glucose standard sample solution as the control,measure the absorbance by UV-Vis spectrophotometry.On the basis of single factor test,the content of polysaccharides in Bidens pilosa L.as an inspection index,use the orthogonal experiments to further optimize the extraction conditions of polysaccharides and examine the influence on the extraction process of four factors which are the ratio of material to liquid,temperature,ultrasonic power and time.Results There was a positive linear relationship between the absorbance and the concentration range of 0.00~120.00μg/ml,R2 was 0.9996.Under this condition,the best extraction condition was obtained at 60℃,the ratio of solid to liquid was 1∶20(g/ml),the ultrasonic power was 80%,and super-acoustic extraction was 40 min.Conclusion This method is simple and efficient,and can be used for industrial production.It provides a scientific basis for the study of the pharmacological effects of polysaccharides ofB idens pilosa L.and the development and utilization of polysaccharides ofB idens pilosa L.