危机下的叙事与认知:智能传播时代社交机器人舆论干预研究

How Social Bots Manipulate Public Opinion in the Age of Intelligent Communication:An Analysis of Narrative and Cognition Under Crisis

当前,地区和世界性危机加剧,社交机器人深度介入互联网危机叙事的生产和传播,为舆论工作带来新的挑战。本文结合案例首先考察了社交机器人生产和传播叙事的路径,随后分析了该行为中的认知因素对舆论的干预原理。首先,社交机器人能自动获取并重组叙事元素形成叙事产品,根据人际和事件内部的联系搭建虚拟节点形成叙事网络,锚定特定人群推送叙事产品促进叙事传播。其次,社交机器人会视具体情况为人们理解客观世界启动不同框架或建立新的框架,甚至通过片面化的信息投递来干预舆论;还能判断受众的不同认知偏好,有针对性地生产面向不同受众的叙事产品,制造叙事和认知的协同效应干预舆论。

With regional and global crises becoming ever more intensified,social bots have been deeply involved in producing and disseminating crisis-related narratives on the Internet,bringing new challenges to public opinion work.This research examines how social bots produce and disseminate narrative on the Internet,and then analyzes how cognitive factors play their due role in social-bot-manipulated public opinion production and dissemination.It is found that,social bots can automatically acquire and reorganize narrative elements to reproduce narratives,build virtual nodes to form narrative networks according to interpersonal and inter-event connections,and anchor specific groups to tweet narratives to help promote narrative propagation;social bots can carry out framework publicity to manipulate public opinion in compliance with specific topics,objects and opportunities by activating different frames,establishing new frames,or ever delivering one-sided information;social bots can produce corresponding narratives for different information recipients holding different cognitive preference,hence manipulating public opinion by integrating narrative and cognition.