癌相关成纤维细胞在乳腺癌转移及耐药作用的研究进展

Research progress of cancer-associated fibroblasts in breast cancer metastasis and drug resistance

目的 总结癌相关成纤维细胞(cancer-associated fibroblasts,CAFs)在乳腺癌侵袭转移及耐药方面的最新研究进展及相关机制,以寻求乳腺癌转移及耐药患者的最佳治疗策略。方法 检索近年来有关乳腺癌中CAFs研究的文献并进行综述。结果 CAF是肿瘤微环境(tumor microenvironment,TME)中的主要基质细胞,通过改变TME从而改变CAFs的生物学特性,诱导乳腺癌细胞的生长和侵袭;乳腺癌中的CAFs通过与炎性因子的相互作用,以及促进转移前生态位的形成来促进乳腺癌细胞的侵袭及转移,并且CAFs通过分泌各种细胞因子介导乳腺癌的化疗耐药、靶向耐药、内分泌耐药以及放射抗性。结论 目前,在乳腺癌中CAFs的相关研究已取得一些进展,但离临床应用还有一定差距。CAFs具有多种功能表型,因此在研究新的抗CAFs治疗策略时,需确定和表征特定的CAFs亚型。且已有研究证明将CAFs作为乳腺癌治疗的特异性靶标具有巨大潜力,但CAFs仍缺乏特异性的生物学标志物。因此深入了解CAFs的生物学特性及其异质性,可为开发靶向CAFs的药物提供可靠的理论依据。

Objective To summarize the latest research progress and related mechanisms of cancer-associated fibroblasts(CAFs)in invasion,metastasis and drug resistance of breast cancer,so as to seek the best treatment strategy for patients with breast cancer metastasis and drug resistance.Method The literatures about CAFs research in breast cancer in recent years were searched and summarized.Results CAFs was the main stromal cell in tumor microenvironment(TME).By changing TME,the biological characteristics of CAFs could be changed and the growth and invasion of breast cancer cells could be induced.CAFs in breast cancer promotes the invasion and metastasis of breast cancer cells by interacting with inflammatory factors and promoting the formation of pre-transplantation ecosystems,and CAFs also mediates chemotherapy resistance to breast cancer,target resistance,endocrine resistance,and radiation resistance through the secretion of various cellular factors.Conclusions At present,some progress has been made in the research of CAFs in breast cancer,but there is still a certain gap to clinical application CAFs has a variety of functional phenotypes,so it is necessary to identify and characterize specific CAFs subtypes when studying new anti-CAFs therapeutic strategies.It has been proved that CAFs has great potential as a specific target for breast cancer treatment,but CAFs still lacks specific biomarkers.Therefore,an in-depth understanding of the biological characteristics and heterogeneity of CAFs can provide a reliable theoretical basis for developing drugs targeting CAFs.