人工智能在早产儿视网膜病变诊疗中的应用研究进展

Research progress on the application of artificial intelligence in the screening and treatment of retinopathy of prematurity

早产儿视网膜病变(ROP)是造成早产儿视力损伤甚至致盲的一个主要原因。及时的检查、诊断和干预能有效预防ROP进一步恶化。然而,目前全球范围内对ROP的诊断存在主观性强、筛查效率低、不同区域筛查普及率差异大、儿童眼底病医师严重不足等问题。人工智能(AI)在ROP诊断和治疗的应用作为人工诊断的辅助工具或者作为一个自动化的ROP诊断方式,可以有效地提高ROP诊断的效率和客观性,扩大筛查的覆盖面,实现筛查的自动化和诊断结果的量化。在全球重视医学影像AI发展和应用的大环境下,开发更准确的诊断网络,探索更有效的AI辅助诊断方法,增强AI辅助诊断的可解释性,可以更快推动ROP的AI相关政策的完善以及AI产品的落地,促进ROP诊断和治疗行业的发展。

Retinopathy of prematurity(ROP)is a major cause of vision loss and blindness among premature infants.Timely screening,diagnosis,and intervention can effectively prevent the deterioration of ROP.However,there are several challenges in ROP diagnosis globally,including high subjectivity,low screening efficiency,regional disparities in screening coverage,and severe shortage of pediatric ophthalmologists.The application of artificial intelligence(AI)as an assistive tool for diagnosis or an automated method for ROP diagnosis can improve the efficiency and objectivity of ROP diagnosis,expand screening coverage,and enable automated screening and quantified diagnostic results.In the global environment that emphasizes the development and application of medical imaging AI,developing more accurate diagnostic networks,exploring more effective AI-assisted diagnosis methods,and enhancing the interpretability of AIassisted diagnosis,can accelerate the improvement of AI policies of ROP and the implementation of AI products,promoting the development of ROP diagnosis and treatment.