特发性嗅觉障碍的研究进展

Research progress on idiopathic olfactory dysfunction

特发性嗅觉障碍(IOD)是一种发病原因尚不明确的嗅觉疾病,以嗅觉下降或完全丧失为主要临床表现。嗅觉是人的基本感知觉之一,在识别气味、预警危险及影响情绪等方面有着重要作用。嗅觉功能一旦受损,对人的饮食、生活质量等方面有着严重影响,嗅觉疾病逐渐被各国学者关注。IOD是一种较为常见的嗅觉疾病,尽管目前在IOD的诊断及发病机制上有所研究,但其临床诊疗工作仍十分具有挑战性。目前国内关于IOD的理论及临床研究较少,本文通过总结目前国内外关于IOD的文献报道,对其发病情况、可能发病机制、诊断、治疗进行综述,以期为IOD的临床诊疗工作提供参考。

Idiopathic olfactory dysfunction(IOD)is a kind of olfactory disease.It is still unclear for the pathogenesis of IOD.The main clinical manifestation is the decrease or complete loss of olfactory dysfunction.The olfactory sensation is one of the basic senses of human beings,which plays an important role in identifying odors,warning dangers and affecting emotions.Once the olfactory function is damaged,which will have a serious impact on people’s diet,quality of life and other aspects,and olfactory diseases have gradually attracted the attention of scholars all over the world.IOD is a relatively common olfactory disease.Despite the current research on the diagnosis and pathogenesis of IOD,the clinical diagnosis and treatment is still very challenging.At present,there are few theoretical and clinical studies on IOD at home and abroad.In this paper,the domestic and foreign academic literatures on IOD were summarized,and the incidence,possible pathogenesis,diagnosis and treatment were reviewed.It is expected to provide a reference for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of IOD.