双碳目标下“煤基固废-CO_(2)”协同充填封存技术构想

Conception of“coal-based solid waste-CO_(2)”cooperative filling and storage technology under the target of carbon peak and carbon neutral

“双碳”目标的提出给煤炭行业绿色低碳发展带来了新挑战和新要求。针对煤炭开发利用全生命周期过程中“煤基固废-CO_(2)”双重近零排放的要求,通过探究煤炭开发利用过程中的碳排放源,结合现有充填开采技术,提出了以“煤基固废-CO_(2)”近零排放为核心的协同充填封存技术构想,以实现煤炭开采与“煤基固废-CO_(2)”充填封存的“内部闭圈消化”。基于矸石零排放研究团队相关成果,提出了三类功能性充填材料,其中第一、二类充填材料可控制覆岩移动和构筑充填单元体,形成以煤层底板、充填体、煤柱及上覆顶板为边界,地质盖层为最后屏障的CO_(2)地下封存空间;第三类充填材料可与CO_(2)发生化学反应,实现对CO_(2)的矿化封存。基于此,分析了“煤基固废-CO_(2)”协同充填封存的关键问题:煤层赋存地质条件评价;CO_(2)封存空间稳定性控制;CO_(2)封存能力估算;CO_(2)充注效果监测与调控;CO_(2)封存安全风险应急处理。该构想的提出可为我国煤炭行业低碳绿色发展提供新思路。

The proposal of the“carbon peak and carbon neutral”goal puts forward new challenges and new requirements for the green and low-carbon development of the coal industry.In this study,aiming at the requirements of“coal-based solid waste-CO_(2)”double near-zero emission in the whole life cycle of coal development and utilization,by exploring the carbon emission sources in the process of coal development and utilization,combined with the existing filling mining technology,a collaborative filling and storage technology concept with“coal-based solid waste-CO_(2)”near-zero emission as the core was proposed to realize the“internal closed-loop digestion”of coal mining and“coal-based solid waste-CO_(2)”filling and storage.Based on the relevant results of the author’s refuse zero-emission research team,three types of functional filling materials were proposed.Among them,the first and second types of filling materials can control the movement of overlying strata and construct filling units,forming a CO_(2) underground storage space with coal seam floor,filling mass,coal pillar and overlying roof as the boundary and geological cover as the final barrier.The third type of filling materials can chemically react with CO_(2) to realize the mineralization and storage of CO_(2).Based on this,the key problems of“coal-based solid waste-CO_(2)”collaborative filling and storage were analyzed:evaluation of coal seam occurrence geological conditions CO_(2) storage space stability control;estimation of CO_(2) storage capacity;monitoring and control of CO_(2) charging effect;CO_(2) storage safety risk emergency treatment.The proposal of this concept can provide new ideas for the low-carbon and green development of Chinese coal industry.