接纳承诺疗法对孤独症儿童母亲情绪、认知、行为的改善——基于解释现象学研究

An Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis Study:Acceptance Commitment Therapy Improves Outcomes for Mothers of Children with Autism

目的:本研究旨在探究孤独症儿童母亲这一特殊群体参与接纳承诺疗法干预的感受,及后续生活中情绪、认知以及行为的变化,并了解这一变化如何产生。方法:本研究采用接纳承诺疗法对4位孤独症儿童的母亲进行了每次2小时,共5次,计10小时的团体干预,并在干预结束后对4位参与者进行了访谈,应用解释现象学方法对访谈内容进行分析归纳。结果:本研究发现接纳承诺疗法的效果主要体现在(1)情绪管理:采用认知解离、正念更好地处理育儿过程中的情绪问题,并保持积极的心态;(2)接纳不完美的现实:调整认知,以接纳的方式面对自己和孩子的问题以及生活困境;(3)关注自我和家人:在行为上,从完全被孩子占据,恢复到也对自己和其他家人关心照顾。结论:接纳承诺疗法团体干预从情绪处理、认知调整、行为转变三个方面,为孤独症儿童母亲带来长期的生活改善。

Objective:This study hopes to explore the feelings of mothers of children with autism involved in the Acceptance Commitment Therapy(ACT)intervention and the changes in mindset in their subsequent lives.Methods:In this study,four mothers of children with autism were involved in a ten-hour group intervention for a total of five sessions of 2hours each,and the four participants were interviewed at the end of the intervention.Interpretive phenomenological analysis approach was applied to analyze the content of the interviews.Results:This study found that the effects of ACT were mainly in(1)emotion management:using cognitive defusion and mindfulness to better deal with emotional problems in parenting and to maintain a positive state of mind;(2)acceptance of imperfect realities,adjusting cognition,and confronting oneself,one's children's problems,and life's dilemmas in an accepting way;and(3)regard for oneself and other members:in terms of behavior,going from being completely occupied by one's children and recovering to regard for oneself and other family members.Conclusion:The ACT group intervention brings long-term life improvement to mothers of children with autism in terms of emotional management,cognitive adjustment,and behavioral modification.