高寒地区金属非金属矿山采空区充填技术研究

Research on Filling Technology of Goaf in Metal and Non-Metal Mines in Alpine Region

针对高寒地区陈巴尔虎旗天宝谢尔塔拉铁锌矿采用无底柱分段崩落法存在矿石贫化率大、回采率低等问题,提出了充填采矿法开采。开展了充填材料物理力学性质试验、尾砂动态浓密沉降试验,确定了最佳的浓密参数,并对建设的充填系统进行了工业试验。试验结果表明:絮凝剂最佳种类为SNF625S,絮凝剂最佳用量为15 g/t,絮凝给料尾砂浆最佳质量浓度为9.50%;尾砂动态浓密沉降试验推荐尾砂给料速度为0.78 t/(m^(2)·h),此条件下底流质量浓度为73.92%,矿浆容重为2.11 t/m^(3),扩展度为8 cm,溢流水含固量为166.8×10^(-6),各项指标均满足充填要求;矿山充填系统建成调试后已经正常使用,且充填效果较好。研究结果为降低矿石损失贫化、提高矿山的经济效益及保护生态环境奠定了基础。

Aiming at the problems of large ore loss,large dilution and low recovery rate in the non-pillar sublevel caving method in Chenbaerhu Tianbao Xieertala Iron-Zinc Mine in alpine region,the filling mining method was proposed.The physical and mechanical properties test of filling material and the dynamic thickening settlement test of tailings were carried out to determine the optimal thickening parameters,and the industrial test of the filling system was put forward.The experiments results show that,the optimum type of flocculant is SNF625S,the optimum dosage of flocculant is 15 g/t,and the optimum mass concentration of tailings slurry with flocculant is 9.50%.Through the dynamic thickening sedimentation test of tailings,the recommended tailings feeding speed is 0.78 t/(m^(2).h).Under this condition,the underflow mass concentration is 73.92%,the slurry bulk density is 2.11 t/m,the expansion degree is 8 cm,and the solid content of overflow water is 166.8×10^(-6).All indicators meet the filling requirements.After the completion and debugging of the mine filling system,it has been used normally and the filling effect is good.The research results lay a foundation for reducing ore loss and dilution,improving the economic benefits of mines and protecting the ecological environment.