从“有请”的词汇化过程看言语行为类型对句法特征的影响

The Influence of Speech-Act Type on Syntactic Feature From the Lexicalization of"Youqing(有请)"

伴随“有请”的词汇化过程,“有请”小句所表述的言语行为经历了从“以言述事”到“以言行事”的变化,说话人由邀请行为的叙述者扩展为邀请者自身,“有请”小旬的语体类型由叙事语篇扩展到非叙事语篇。获得新的言域功能之后,“有请”小句逐步实现了句法功能的拓展,增加了新的句法分布。“有请”客套义的产生与“有请”小句的语体特征变化密切相关。

The speech-act types that clauses with"Youqing(有请)"express have changed along with the lexicalization of"Youqing(有请)".The type of speech act of the clauses hosting"Youqing(有请)"have changed from locutionary acts to illocutionary acts,with the original narrator turning into the inviter,and the speech styles the clauses are situated in have switched from narratives to non-narrative discourse.Ever since the expression of the new speech-act type,the clauses with"Youqing(有请)"gradually obtained more syntactic functions and distributions.The polite meaning of"Youqing(有请)"is closely related to the change of speech styles it appears in.