睡眠剥夺引起机体损伤的分子机制及中药防治研究进展

Molecular mechanism of sleep deprivation-induced body injury and traditional Chinese medicine prevention and treatment:a review

睡眠占据了人一生中三分之一的时间,是维持人生理功能和健康的必要条件。随着社会经济压力增大、电子产品的使用增加和人口老龄化进程的加快,睡眠不足及其危害受到国内外研究者的广泛关注。睡眠剥夺是指各种原因所导致的睡眠减少或者是睡眠时间严重不足。已有研究发现睡眠剥夺能引起广泛的机体损伤,例如增加大脑神经性疾病、心血管疾病、肠道稳态失衡和其他多器官疾病的发病率和病死率。睡眠剥夺造成多系统多器官疾病发生的机制主要涉及机体氧化应激和炎症反应的发生以及免疫功能受损等。中医认为睡眠剥夺属不寐的范畴,长期不寐导致阴阳失调,从而耗气伤阴,损伤五脏;治疗上宜补虚扶正、调和阴阳。中药具有种类繁多和资源丰富的特点,同时副作用小且治疗广泛。大量研究表明,中药及复方不仅能够改善睡眠,还具有养肝、益智、补肾等作用,从而有效防治睡眠剥夺引起的机体损伤。鉴于睡眠剥夺问题日益增加,对机体的损伤作用也日益显著,该文就睡眠剥夺介导机体损伤及其机制进行综述,并总结归纳防治机体损伤的复方及单味药,以期为研究者们开发防治睡眠剥夺引起机体损伤的有效药物奠定基础,并为深入探究睡眠剥夺对机体损伤的分子机制提供参考。

Sleep occupies one-third of a person′s lifetime and is a necessary condition for maintaining physiological function and health.With the increase in social and economic pressures,the growing use of electronic devices and the accelerated aging process of the population,insufficient sleep and its hazards have drawn widespread attention from researchers in China and abroad.Sleep deprivation refers to a decrease in sleep or a severe lack of sleep due to various reasons.Previous studies have found that sleep deprivation can cause extensive damage to the body,including an increased incidence and mortality rate of neuropathic diseases in the brain,cardiovascular diseases,imbalances in the gut microbiota,and other multi-organ diseases.The mechanisms underlying the occurrence of multi-system and multi-organ diseases due to sleep deprivation mainly involve oxidative stress,inflammatory responses,and impaired immune function in the body.According to traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),sleep deprivation falls into the category of sleepiness,and long-term sleepiness leads to Yin-Yang imbalance,resulting in the consumption of Qi and damage to the five Zang-organs.The appropriate treatment should focus on tonifying deficiency,reinforcing healthy Qi,and harmonizing Yin and Yang.TCM is characterized by a wide variety and abundant resources,and it has minimal side effects and a broad range of applications.Numerous studies have shown that TCM drugs and prescriptions not only improve sleep but also have beneficial effects on liver nourishment,intelligence enhancement,and kidney tonification,effectively preventing and treating the body injury caused by sleep deprivation.Given the increasing prevalence of sleep deprivation and its significant impact on body health,this article reviewed sleep deprivation-mediated body injury and its mechanism,summarized and categorized TCM compound prescriptions and single drugs for preventing and treating body injury,with the aim of laying the foundation for researchers to develop effective drugs for preventing and treating body injury caused by sleep deprivation and providing references for further exploration of the molecular mechanisms underlying the body injury caused by sleep deprivation.