新疆紫草根际环境与药材药效成分含量相关性研究

Correlation between rhizosphere environment and content of medicinal components of Arnebia euchroma

探索野生新疆紫草根际土壤微生物与药材药效成分含量相关性,为生态种植基地选择提供指导。通过提取野生新疆紫草根际土壤微生物总DNA,用IlluminaMiseq高通量测序技术分析土壤根际微生物群落结构,采用高效液相色谱法测定药材中药效成分羟基萘醌总色素、β,β′-二甲基丙烯酰阿卡宁的含量,测定主要产区野生新疆紫草的根际土壤理化性质,并用SPSS软件分析土壤微生物丰度与指标成分含量及土壤理化性质的相关性。结果显示,不同产地新疆紫草根际真菌、细菌在门和属水平的物种组成上相似,但其相对丰度、丰富度指数(Chao1指数)和群落多样性指数(Simpson指数)均存在差异;相关性分析表明,土壤中有效磷的含量与主要药效成分羟基萘醌总色素、β,β′-二甲基丙烯酰阿卡宁的含量呈正相关,Solicoccozyma等5种真菌属和Pseudonocardia、Bradyrhizobium等6种细菌属的丰度与药材药效成分含量均呈正相关,其中Bradyrhizobium的丰度与β,β′-二甲基丙烯酰阿卡宁的含量呈显著正相关;Archaeorhizomyces等真菌的丰度与根际土壤有效磷的含量呈显著正相关,Bradyrhizobium等与土壤pH呈显著负相关。因此,新疆紫草根际真菌和细菌的丰度与药材药效成分和根际土壤理化性质均有一定的相关性,可为后期生态种植基地的选择提供科学依据。

This study aimed to explore the correlation between rhizosphere soil microorganisms of wild Arnebia euchroma and the content of medicinal components to provide guidance for the selection of the ecological planting base.The total DNA of rhizosphere soil microorganisms of wild A.euchroma was extracted,and the microbial community structure of rhizosphere soil microorganisms was analyzed by IlluminaMiseq high-throughput sequencing technology.The content of total hydroxynaphthoquinone pigment and β,β′-dimethylacrylalkannin in medicinal materials was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC).The physicochemical pro-perties of rhizosphere soil of wild A.euchroma in main producing areas were determined,and the correlation of soil microbial abundance with index component content and soil physicochemical properties was analyzed by SPSS software.The results showed that the species composition of rhizosphere fungi and bacteria in A.euchroma from different habitats was similar at the phylum and genus levels,but their relative abundance,richness index(Chao1),and community diversity(Simpson) index were different.Correlation analysis showed that the content of available phosphorus in soil was positively correlated with the content of total hydroxynaphthoquinone pigment and β,β′-dimethylacrylalkannin,and the abundance of five fungal genera such as Solicoccozyma and six bacterial genera such as Pseudo-nocardia and Bradyrhizobium was positively correlated with the content of medicinal components in medicinal materials.The abundance of Bradyrhizobium was significantly positively correlated with the content of β,β′-dimethylacrylalkanin.The abundance of fungi such as Archaeorhizomyces was significantly positively correlated with the content of available phosphorus in rhizosphere soil,and Bradyrhizobium was significantly negatively correlated with soil pH.Therefore,the abundance of fungi and bacteria in the rhizosphere of A.euchroma has a certain correlation with the medicinal components and the physicochemical properties of the rhizosphere soil,which can provide a scientific basis for the selection of ecological planting bases in the later stage.