高熵陶瓷吸波材料研究进展

Research Progress on High-Entropy Ceramic Wave-Absorbing Materials

吸波材料是指能吸收或者大幅减弱其表面接收到的电磁波能量,从而减少电磁波干扰的一类材料。近年来对吸波材料的探索中出现各种高熵陶瓷吸波材料,通过热力学的高熵效应、结构的晶格畸变效应、动力学的迟滞扩散效应以及组元的协同增效作用,获得高熵陶瓷材料的吸波性能优于单组元的吸波性能。基于近年来的研究成果,本文归纳总结了不同种类高熵吸波陶瓷的组元设计、制备与吸波性能关系的相关研究结果,分析了高熵效应对吸波性能的影响规律,最后,总结了目前研究工作中存在的关键科学难题与挑战,并展望了高熵吸波陶瓷的未来前景和发展方向。

Microwave absorbing materials refer to a class of materials that can absorb or weaken the electromagnetic wave energy on their surface,thereby reducing electromagnetic interference.In recent years,various high-entropy ceramic absorbing materials have emerged in the exploration of absorbing materials.These materials exhibit a better absorbing performance than single-component materials due to their thermodynamic high-entropy effect,lattice distortion effect in structure,hysteresis diffusion effect in kinetics,and synergistic enhancement effect of components.This review summarized recent research results on the component design,preparation,and absorbing performance relationship of different types of high-entropy absorbing ceramics,and analyzed the influence of high-entropy effect on its absorbing performance.In addition,this review also summarized the corresponding scientific issues and challenges in research work and prospected the future development directions of high-entropy absorbing ceramics.