某城市地下水环境污染特性研究及防治措施

Research on Characteristics and Prevention Measures ofGroundwater Environmental Pollution in a City

为了提高地下水资源的水质质量,有效降低城市地下水的污染风险,以目标城市附近不同取样点的地下水水样为研究对象,开展了地下水环境污染特性研究,主要包括地下水中三氮质量浓度、重金属质量浓度以及有机污染物质量浓度的测定,并有针对性地提出了预防和治理措施建议。结果表明:目标城市地下水存在不同程度的三氮污染、重金属污染和有机物污染现象,其中取样点1的地下水中存在重金属铬、苯和挥发性酚类物质超标的现象,取样点2的地下水中存在氨氮、硝酸盐、重金属铁以及苯质量浓度超标的现象,而取样点3的地下水中存在重金属铬以及苯质量浓度超标的现象,均未能满足《地下水质量标准》(GB/T 14848—2017)中规定的三类水质标准要求。建议对目标城市地下水采取预防和治理相结合的综合防治措施,对未受到污染的地下水采取有效的预防措施,而对已经受到污染的地下水采取更加积极的治理措施。

In order to improve the water quality of groundwater resources and effectively reduce the pollution risk of urban groundwater,taking groundwater samples from different sampling points near the target city as the research object,a study was conducted on the environmental pollution characteristics of groundwater,mainly including the determination of three nitrogen mass concentration,heavy metal mass concentration,and organic pollutant mass concentration in groundwater.Targeted prevention and control measures were proposed.The research results indicated that there were varying degrees of nitrogen pollution,heavy metal pollution,and organic matter pollution in the groundwater of the target city.Among them,the groundwater of sampling point 1 hadexcessive levels of heavy metals such as chromium,benzene,and volatile phenolic substances.The groundwater of sampling point 2 hadexcessive levels of ammonia nitrogen,nitrate,heavy metal iron,and benzene,However,the groundwater at sampling point 3 hadexcessive levels of heavy metals such as chromium and benzene,which could not meet the requirements of Class III water quality standards specified in GB/T 14848—2017"Groundwater Quality Standards".It wasrecommended to take a comprehensive prevention and control measure combining prevention and control of groundwater in the target city,effective preventive measures should be takenfor uncontaminated groundwater,and more active control measuresshould be taken for polluted groundwater.