个人信息有序共享的法理言说与制度构建

Legal Theory and System Construction for Orderly Sharing of Personal Information

传统社会向现代社会转型驱动的“压缩式”制度建构,虽然加快了个人信息保护体系的建设进程,但也加深了个人信息之权利保护与资源共享的制度性失衡危机。有序共享是对数字经济时代个人信息的重新定位,个人信息不再是专属于个体的自决权,而是兼具个体与社会属性的防御权。以立法对个人信息的分类分级为基础,应当在纵向维度根据个人信息的重要程度形成核心层、中间层与外围层的差序保护格局。推进个人信息有序共享,应当根据个人信息的内在层次结构分别确立“授权同意”“知情同意”“推定同意”的差异化规则,以此指导个人信息领域相关制度的民行刑一体化构建。

Although the construction of the“compression”system driven by the transformation from traditional society to modern society has accelerated the construction process of the personal information protection system,it has also deepened the institutional imbalance crisis between the protection of private law rights of personal information and the sharing of public resources.Orderly sharing is the reshaping of the legal position of personal information in the digital economy.Personal information is no longer the right to self-determination of individuals,but the right to defense with both individual and social attributes.On the basis of classifying and grading personal information in legislation,a differential protection pattern featuring core layer,middle layer and periphery layer should be formed according to the importance of personal information in the vertical dimension.In order to promote the orderly sharing of personal information in the digital economy era,the general rules of“presumptive consent”,“authorized consent”and“informed consent”should be established according to the internal hierarchy of personal information.In this way,we will build a system integrating civil,administrative and criminal considerations for personal information protection.