红色旅游情境下的体验、怀旧与认同——以青年群体为例

Experience,Nostalgia and Identity in the Context of Red Tourism—Taking the Youth Group as an Example

塑造认同是红色旅游的重要功能,旅游体验如何形成认同已引起学者广泛关注。已有研究明确了情绪、情感在红色旅游认同塑造中的作用,但其影响机制仍需进一步深入。情绪评价理论认为,情绪的产生受个体信念、环境事件与情境等因素的影响,且产生的情绪又会驱动个体行为。出于对红色历史的纪念和缅怀,旅游者在参观游览中能够产生怀旧情绪。鉴于此,研究以青年红色旅游者为对象,将怀旧作为中介变量,构建“红色旅游体验—怀旧—认同”概念模型,运用结构方程模型分析了红色旅游体验借由怀旧塑造认同的作用机制。结果显示,红色旅游体验正向影响个体怀旧,旅游体验对历史怀旧的作用比个人怀旧更显著;历史怀旧正向影响历史认同和文化认同,个人怀旧对认同的作用不明显;历史怀旧在红色旅游体验和认同间起完全中介作用。

Shaping identity is an important function of red tourism.How to form identity through tourism experience has attracted widespread attention of scholars.The role of emotion and affect in the shaping of identity in red tourism has been clarified in previous studies,but its mechanism needs to be further explored.According to the appraisal theory of emotion,the generation of emotions is affected by individual beliefs,environmental events and situations,and the emotions will drive individual behaviors.To commemorate and cherish the red history,tourists may generate nostalgia during their visit.In view of this,this paper takes young red tourists as the research object,takes nostalgia as a mediator and establishes the conceptual model of“red tourism experience-nostalgia-identity”.Structural equation modeling is used to analyze the mechanism of red tourism experience shaping identity through nostalgia.The results show that red tourism experience positively affects nostalgia,and the effect of tourism experience on historical nostalgia is more significant than that of personal nostalgia.Historical nostalgia positively affects historical identity and cultural identity.The effect of personal nostalgia on identity is insignificant.Historical nostalgia is found to fully mediate the association between red tourism experience and identity.