参与奥赛的资优高中生创新能力更强吗?——基于某大赛参赛学生数据的实证研究

Discipline Olympiad Experience and Innovative Ability of Gifted High School Students:An Empirical Study Based on Data from a Major Competition

奥赛经历对于创新人才的长期影响是一个重要但缺乏定量基础的教育问题。基于某大赛2019年全国决赛345名选手的问卷调查,实证分析了资优高中生五大学科奥赛参与经历对其创新能力的影响。运用多元线性回归(OLS)、倾向得分匹配法(PSM)等多种实证方法研究发现:在被调查的345名资优高中生中,参赛经历与其创新能力水平存在显著的正相关关系;在控制了个人、家庭、学校等相关特征后,与具有相似概率参与奥赛却未参与的学生相比,参赛学生具备显著更强的创新能力。基于实证分析的进一步讨论发现,高中学校的教学环境也是影响学生创新能力的显著变量,升学政策刺激下异化的奥赛培养模式不利于培育资优高中生的创新能力。

The long-term influence of participating in Discipline Olympiads on students'innovative capability is a crucial educational issue that lacks quantitative evidence.This paper addresses this gap by conducting a questionnaire survey of 345 contestants who participated in the national final of a competition in August 2019.The survey data are used to empirically analyze the impact of gifted and talented students'participation in five Discipline Olympiads during high school on their innovative capability.Applying OLS,PSM,and other empirical methods,this study reveals a significant positive correlation between participation in Discipline Olympiads and the level of innovative capability among the surveyed group of 345 gifted high school students.After controlling for personal,family,school,and other relevant characteristics,it is found that compared to students with similar probabilities of participating in Discipline Olympiads but who choose not to participate,the students who actively participate exhibit significantly stronger innovative capability.Further analysis indicates that the teaching environments of high schools serve as significant variables affecting students'innovative capability.The prevailing Discipline Olympiad training mode driven by college entrance policies is found to be alienating and not conducive to cultivating the innovative capability of gifted high school students.