大学生课外时间使用模式及其影响因素分析

Research on Time Use Patterns of Chinese College Students

时间使用模式不仅是学生日常经验的重要表征,也是本科人才培养与发展的重要影响要素。但时间使用并不单纯是学生理性选择问题,也受制于个人出身背景、组织环境的影响,呈现出群体间的异质性。本研究基于“中国大学生学习与发展追踪研究(CCSS)”2019年数据,利用潜在类别分析和多元逻辑回归方法探讨我国大学生课外时间使用模式及内部异质性。研究发现大学生课外时间使用呈现出“多面高手”“社交达人”和“校园隐士”三种模式;模式的形成受性别、家庭背景、院校类型和年级的影响;不同性别、家庭背景、院校类型和年级的大学生群体中展现出了差异化的时间使用模式特性。时间使用模式有助于我们更清晰地洞察大学生课外经验的典型组织样态;而群体间异质性的时间使用模式也表明了时间作为一项型构兼备结构性和能动性特征,对院校管理者针对性地给予学生支持有重要的指导意义。

Time use patterns not only serve as important indicators of students'daily experiences but also play a significant role in the cultivation and development of undergraduate talents.However,time use is not solely a matter of rational choices made by students,but is also influenced by individual backgrounds and organizational environments,leading to heterogeneity among different student groups.Based on data from the"China College Student Survey(CCSS)"in 2019,this study employs latent class analysis and multinomial logistic regression to explore the time use patterns and intra-group heterogeneity among Chinese college students.The findings reveal three distinct patterns of extracurricular time use among college students:"multifaceted achievers","social butterflies",and"campus recluses".The formation of these patterns is influenced by factors such as gender,family background,institutional type,and grade.Different groups of college students,characterized by varying gender,family background,institutional type,and grade,exhibit diverse characteristics in their time use patterns.Understanding time use patterns provides valuable insights into the typical organizational structures of college students'extracurricular experiences.The heterogeneity in time use patterns among different student groups indicates that time possesses both structural and dynamic characteristics,highlighting its important role in guiding targeted support from university administrators.These findings contribute to enhancing the understanding of time allocation among college students and provide valuable guidance for administrators in providing tailored support to students.