玉米赤霉烯酮在玉米及其副产物中污染现状及生物脱毒研究进展

Review of research on contamination status of zearalenone in maize and its co-products and biological detoxification

玉米赤霉烯酮(ZEN)是镰刀菌属产生的一种真菌毒素,广泛存在于饲料和饲料原料中,其中玉米及其副产物是ZEN的主要污染对象。鉴于ZEN污染造成的巨大经济损失和健康隐患,迫切需要相关的技术对其进行快速有效脱毒。相较于物理和化学脱毒法的诸多弊端,生物脱毒法因其显著优势被认为是ZEN脱毒技术的最佳方法。本文通过概述ZEN的危害及限量标准,系统总结ZEN在玉米及其副产物中的污染现状,列举了可用于ZEN解毒的微生物,讨论了ZEN脱毒的生物学机制,以期为ZEN生物脱毒技术研究和实际应用提供理论依据。

Zearalenone(ZEN)with estrogenic effect is a mycotoxin produced by Fusarium,which widely exists in feed and feed ingredients,of which maize and its co-products are the main targets of ZEN contamination.In view of the enormous economic losses and health concerns caused by ZEN,there is an urgent demand for technologies for its rapid and effective detoxification.Compared with physical and chemical detoxification methods,biological detoxification is considered as the optimal method for ZEN detoxification technology because of its significant advantages.This article summarizes the current situation of ZEN contamination in maize and its co-products,lists microorganisms that can be used for ZEN detoxification,and discusses the biological mechanism of ZEN detoxification in detail in order to provide a theoretical basis for research on and practical application of ZEN biological detoxification technology.