黄磷企业磷粉矿利用研究进展

Research Progress on Using Fine⁃grained Phosphate Ore in Yellow Phosphorus Enterprises

我国磷矿石多为风化矿,风化磷矿石在开采运输和加工过程中不可避免会产生大量粉矿,而利用电炉法生产黄磷的企业多采用优质的高品位磷块矿为原料进行生产,对磷粉矿的处理方式多为堆存或填埋,既浪费资源,又污染环境。近年来,由于优质磷块矿资源日益枯竭,对磷粉矿的开发利用迫在眉睫。磷粉矿作为一种重要的潜在磷资源,其全面开发利用是未来磷资源可持续发展的基石。基于近年来国内外研究现状,本文系统综述了黄磷企业磷粉矿利用研究进展,总结了四种主要利用方式,包括浓缩富集、粉矿成球、生产肥料和直接使用,希望能为相关研究者提供参考,促进我国磷资源效益最大化,最后指出未来黄磷企业磷粉矿的研究与应用中应重点关注的方向。

Phosphate ore in China is mostly weathered ores.During the mining,transportation and processing of weathered phosphate ore,a large amount of fine⁃grained ore will inevitably be produced.However,electric furnace yellow phosphorus enterprises mostly use high⁃quality and high⁃grade lump phosphate ore as raw materials for production.Yellow phosphorus enterprises mostly deal with fine⁃grained phosphate ore by stockpiling or landfilling,which wastes resources and pollutes the environment.In recent years,due to the increasing depletion of high⁃quality lump phosphate ore resources,the development and utilization of fine⁃grained phosphate ore is urgent.As an important potential phosphorus resource,the comprehensive exploitation and utilization of fine⁃grained phosphate ore in yellow phosphorus enterprises is the cornerstone of the sustainable development of phosphorus resources in the future.Based on the research status at home and abroad in recent years,this paper systematically reviews the research progress of fine⁃grained phosphate ore utilization in yellow phosphorus enterprises,and summarizes four main utilization methods,including concentration and enrichment,pelletization,fertilizer production and direct use,hoping to provide reference for related researchers and promote the maximum benefit of phosphorus resources in China,and finally points out the directions that should be focused on in the future research and application of fine⁃grained phosphate ore in yellow phosphorus enterprises.