Ti系轻质难熔合金高温氧化性能的研究进展

Research Progress of High⁃temperature Oxidation of Ti⁃based Light Refractory Alloys

高温合金是航天、航空发动机的必选材料,其发展一直备受关注。目前,铁基/钴基/镍基传统高温合金在发动机内部仍然占主导地位,尽管其综合性能优异,但比重过大,而且使用温度已经达到了合金熔点的80%以上,因此使用耐高温氧化的轻质难熔合金对提高发动机的推重比和可靠性极具意义。本文介绍了抗高温氧化研究的目的及影响因素,分析了高温钛合金(Ti60)、γ-TiAl金属间化合物这两种轻质合金高温氧化性能变差的内在原因,而后详细地梳理了Ti-Al-Si、Ti-Al-Si-Nb轻质难熔合金高温氧化性能的合金化机理,为开发以该类型合金为基础的新型合金作一些前期的理论性总结。

High⁃temperature alloys is a necessary material for aerospace and aviation engine,and its development has always been concerned.At present,the iron⁃based/cobalt⁃based/nickel⁃based traditional superalloys serving in the engine are still dominant.Although they have excellent comprehensive performance,their specific gravity is too large,and the service temperature has reached more than 80%of the melting point of the alloy.Therefore,it is of great significance to improve the thrust⁃to⁃weight ratio and reliability of the engine by using light refractory alloys with high temperature resistance.In this paper,the purpose and influencing factors of high temperature oxidation resistance research are introduced,and the internal reasons for the deterioration of high temperature oxidation performance of high temperature titanium alloy(Ti60)andγ⁃TiAl intermetallic compound are analyzed.Then the alloying mechanism of high temperature oxidation performance of Ti⁃Al⁃Si and Ti⁃Al⁃Si⁃Nb light refractory alloys is combed in detail,so as to make some preliminary theoretical summaries for developing new alloys based on this type of alloys.