高分子破乳剂发展现状及趋势

Polymer Demulsifier Development Situation and Direction

高效快速实现复杂原油采出液破乳脱水,可以有效降低油田生产成本,控制环境污染。化学破乳操作简单成本低且可和其他破乳剂技术联合使用,广泛应用于油田采出液的破乳脱水工段。高分子破乳剂具有用量小、界面活性强、絮凝能力优秀且普适性高效,但随着原油采出液日益复杂,造成现有高分子破乳剂逐渐难以满足现场生产需要,因此亟需开发高效且环保的新型高分子破乳剂。本文系统地综述了影响原油采出液的稳定因素,同时对高分子破乳剂研究进展进行了综述和讨论。基于高分子破乳剂的研发现状,展望了未来破乳剂研发方向,以期为高分子破乳剂的设计和提效提供支持。

Efficient and rapid demulsification and dehydration of complex crude oil⁃produced liquids can effectively reduce production costs and control environmental pollution.Chemical demulsification is low⁃cost and easy to use,and it can be combined with other demulsifier technologies.Polymer demulsifiers have the advantages of small dosage,strong interfacial activity,strong flocculation ability,high universality,and high efficiency.However,the current polymer demulsifier gradually becomes unable to meet the demands of on⁃site production due to the complexity of crude oil⁃produced liquid.As a result,it is critical to develop a new polymer demulsifier that is both efficient and environmentally safe.This paper reviews the factors that affect the stability of crude oil⁃produced liquid systematically and reviews and discusses the development of polymer demulsifiers.The future research and development direction of polymer demulsifiers is also suggested to support the design and advancement of polymer demulsifiers in light of our research findings and the status of polymer demulsifier research and development.