大米干全酒精糟替代饲料中豆粕对吉富罗非鱼生长性能、体组成、血清生化指标及肠道菌群的影响

Effects of Replacing Soybean Meal with Rice Dried Distillers Grains with Solubles in Feed on The Growth Performance,Body Composition,Serum Biochemical Indicators,and Intestinal Microflora of Farmed Tilapia

试验旨在研究大米干全酒精糟(Rice dried distillers grains with solubles,Rice DDGS)替代饲料中豆粕对吉富罗非鱼生长性能、体组成、血清生化指标及肠道菌群的影响。以大米干全酒精糟按不同水平等量替代罗非鱼饲料中0、20%、40%、60%、80%、100%的豆粕制作成6组试验饲料(分别记为:DRDG0、DRDG20、DRDG40、DRDG60、DRDG80、DRDG100组),于室内循环水养殖系统中饲养初始体重为(39.27±0.23)g的吉富罗非鱼幼鱼8周,每个处理组3个重复,每个重复18尾鱼。结果显示:①随着大米干全酒精糟替代饲料中豆粕比例的提高,增重率、特定生长率以及采食量均呈先上升后下降的趋势,DRDG60组增重率、特定生长率与对照组(DRDG0组)无显著差异(P>0.05);各组间脏体指数(VSI)、肝体指数(HSI)以及肥满度(CF)无显著差异(P>0.05)。②各组间粗蛋白含量无显著差异(P>0.05);粗灰分含量呈上升的趋势,水分含量呈先下降后上升的趋势,粗脂肪含量呈先上升后下降的趋势。③各组间血清过氧化氢酶(CAT)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)活性无显著差异(P>0.05);谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性呈上升趋势;丙二醛(MDA)含量呈逐渐下降的趋势。④各组间肠道菌群Ace、Chao、Shannon、Simpson指数无显著差异(P>0.05);与DRDG0组相比,DRDG20、DRDG40、DRDG60组和DRDG80组变形菌门的相对丰度显著降低(P<0.05)。综上,在60%水平内,用大米干全酒精糟等量替代饲料中的豆粕能有效提高吉富罗非鱼的生长性能,并能有效提高抗氧化能力和改善肠道菌群结构,同时对体组成造成不同程度的影响。

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of replacing soybean meal in feed with rice dried distillers grains with solubles(Rice DDGS)on the growth performance,body composition,serum biochemical indicators and gut microbiota of Farmed Tilapia.Six groups of experimental feeds were pre-pared by replacing 0,20%,40%,60%,80%,100%soybean meal in the Tilapia feed with Rice DDGS in equal amounts at different levels(re-corded as DRDG0,DRDG20,DRDG40,DRDG60,DRDG80,DRDG100,respectively).Farmed Tila-pia juvenile with initial weight of(39.27±0.23)g were raised in the indoor circulating water aquaculture system for 8 weeks,and each treatment group had 3 replicates,18 fish per replicate.The results showed that:①with the increase of the proportion of soy-bean meal in Rice DDGS substitute feed,the weight gain rate,specific growth rate,and feed intake showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing.There was no significant difference in weight gain rate and specific growth rate between the DRDG60 group and the control group(DRDG0)(P>0.05);there was no significant difference in VSI,HSI and CF among the groups(P>0.05).②There was no signifi-cant difference in crude protein content of the whole-body among the groups(P>0.05);the crude ash content of the whole-body showed an upward trend,the moisture content showed a first decreasing and then increasing trend,and the crude lipid content showed a first increasing and then decreasing trend.③There was no significant difference in serum CAT,SOD,ALT,and AST activities among the groups(P>0.05);the activity of GSH-Px showed an upward trend;the content of MDA decreased gradually.④There was no significant difference in Ace,Chao,Shannon and Simpson index of gut microbiota among the groups(P>0.05);compared with DRDG0 group,the relative abundance of Proteobacteria in DRDG20,DRDG40,DRDG60 and DRDG80 groups decreased significantly(P<0.05).In conclusion,at the level of 60%,the replacement of soybean meal in feed with different levels of Rice DDGS can effectively promote the growth performance of Farmed Tilapia,and it can effectively improve antioxidant capacity and the structure of gut microbiota,while causing varying degrees of impact on whole-body composition.