有机光伏电池在建筑光伏一体化中的应用及前景

Application and prospects of organic solar cells inbuilding integrated photovoltaics

光伏发电是实现“碳中和”的重要途径之一,光伏建筑一体化应用是光伏发电的主要发展方向。有机光伏电池是以有机半导体材料为光伏活性层,可以通过改变光活性层材料的分子结构来选择性吸收紫外与近红外光子,又能保证在可见光范围内的透明度;同时,有机材料高的吸收系数保证了超薄的活性层,造就了其优异的柔韧性,使其在半透明玻璃上有巨大的应用潜力,高度契合光伏建筑一体化要求。目前单结有机光伏电池的效率已接近20%,并保持良好的发展趋势,有望在未来实现大规模的工业化应用。在此,总结了有机光伏电池在建筑光伏中的应用优势、分子设计需要遵循的规则、有机光伏建筑一体化的各种应用场景以及对其未来的展望,最后探讨了未来发展需要克服的难题。

Among potential solutions for achieving carbon neutrality,building integrated photovoltaics(BIPV)combining photovoltaic technology with architecture has gained significant attention.Organic semiconductors,often used as the photoactive layer in organic solar cells,offer unique advantages over other materials.By modifying molecular structures,organic materials can selectively absorb ultraviolet and near-infrared light while transmitting visible light,making them ideal for semi-transparent photovoltaic applications highly compatible with BIPV requirements.The efficiency of single organic solar cells has reached 20%,and their improved stability promises a bright future for industrialization.This paper reviews the advantages,molecular design principles,and application scenarios of BIPV using organic photovoltaics.Finally,this manuscript outlines the challenges that need to be addressed and provide prospects for their development.