元代的“看經”——泉州《一百大寺看經記碑》研究

Reading Sutras in the Yuan Dynasty:A Study on the“Stele Inscription of Reading Sutras in One Hundred Huge Monasteries”in Quanzhou

關於元代佛教寺院的全國性統計資料甚少,延祐三年(1316)維吾爾族航海家亦黑迷失所立《一百大寺看經記碑》是重要的史料。本文對《一百大寺看經記碑》近代的發現情况和録文優劣進行了探討,對亦黑迷失的生平及其立碑目的進行了剖析。該碑記録的一百大寺“看經”與元代的大藏經信仰有關。本文也對《一百大寺看經記碑》中出現的全國各地近百個寺院的地理分布進行了分析。

There are few national statistical data on Buddhist Monasteries of Yuan Dynasty.Therefore,the“Stele Inscription of Reading Sutras in One Hundred Huge Monasteries”,by a Uyghur navigator named Yighmish,was a significant source.This paper first discusses the discovery of this stele and the quality of different collections of its epitaph copies,and then analyses the biography of Yighmish and his motive to build this stele.The author argues the activities of reading and chanting sutras was correlated with the cult of the great treasury of Buddhist Sutras in the Yuan Dynasty.Finally,he analyses the geographical distribution of Mahayana Buddhist monasteries in the Yuan Dynasty based on the information in the stele.