新型脂肪因子在肥胖和2型糖尿病中的研究进展

Research progress of novel adipokines in obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus

肥胖表现为脂肪组织的异常或过度堆积,与各种代谢性疾病的风险增加密切相关,尤其是2型糖尿病(T2DM),两者具有许多共同致病因素,在恶性循环中相互驱动,且具体发病机制尚未完全阐明。最近,由脂肪组织合成和分泌的脂肪因子被发现在肥胖和T2DM的进程中发挥多效性作用,有望成为一种靶向药物或预测生物学标志物来协助临床疾病的诊断和治疗。本文旨在总结几种新发现的脂肪因子在肥胖和T2DM中的最新研究进展,包括流星素(meteorin-like)、神经调节素4(neuregulin 4,Nrg4)、白脂素(asprosin)和isthmin-1,以揭示几种新型脂肪因子在肥胖和T2DM的生理或病理过程中的重要作用,探索其用于疾病早期诊断及治疗的潜能。

Obesity,defined as an abnormal or excessive accumulation of adipose tissue,is strongly associated with an increased risk of various metabolic diseases,particularly type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM),which shares many common pathogenic factors that drive each other in a vicious circle and whose exact pathogenesis has not been fully elucidated.Recently,adipokines synthesised and secreted by adipose tissue have been found to play pleiotropic roles in the progression of obesity and T2DM,and are expected to be a targeted drug or predictive biomarker to assist in the diagnosis and treatment of clinical diseases.This review summarizes the recent research progress of several newly identified adipokines in obesity and T2DM,including meteorin-like,neuregulin 4(Nrg4),asprosin,and isthmin-1,in order to reveal the unknown crosstalk between adipokines in metabolic disorders in obesity and T2DM,and to explore their early diagnostic and therapeutic potentials.