照护者疾病管理干预对颈椎病术后患者生活自理能力的影响

Effect of caregiver disease management intervention on self-care ability of postoperative patients with cervical spondylosis

目的探讨在颈椎病术后患者中,应用照护者疾病管理干预对其生活自理能力的影响。方法选取2021年10月至2022年10月淮安市第一人民医院收治的颈椎手术患者60例,采用随机数字表法分为研究组(n=30)和对照组(n=30)。对照组(30名患者+30名家庭照护者)采用常规出院宣教及回访。研究组(30名患者+30名家庭照护者)在常规宣教的基础上采用照护者疾病管理模式。比较两组患者术前以及术后1、3、6个月的颈椎日本骨科协会(JOA)评分和生活自理能力评分(Barthel指数),比较两组术后功能锻炼依从性及满意度。结果研究组术后JOA评分均显著高于对照组术后同期的JOA评分(P<0.05)。研究组术后3个月和6个月的Barthel指数显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。研究组术后锻炼依从率均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。研究组患者满意率为96.7%,对照组为80.0%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=4.043,P=0.044)。结论照护者疾病管理能够使患者术后进行持续有效的功能锻炼,提高颈椎病患者术后生活自理能力,提高出院后患者居家康复效果。

Objective To explore the effect of caregiver disease management intervention on self-care ability i in postoperative patients with cervical spondylosis.Methods A total of 60 patients admitted to Huai an First People's Hospital from October 2021 to October 2022 were selected and divided into study group(n=30)and control group(n=30)by random number table method.The control group(30 patients+30 family caregivers)received routine discharge education and follow-up.The study group(30 patients+30 family caregivers)adopted the caregiver disease management model on the basis of routine education.The Japanese Orthopaedic Association(JOA)score and Barthel index of cervical spine before operation and 1,3,and 6 months after operation were compared between the two groups.The postoperative functional exercise compliance and satisfaction of the two groups were compared.Results JOA score of study group was significantly higher than that of the control group at each time point after operation(P<0.05).Barthel index at 3 and 6 months after operation in the study group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).The compliance rate of postoperative exercise in the study group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).The satisfaction rate of patients in the study group is significantly higher than that in the control group(96.7%vs 80.0%,χ2=4.043,P=0.044).Conclusion Caregiver disease management can enable patients to carry out continuous and effective functional exercise after surgery,improve the self-care ability of patients with cervical spondylosis after surgery,and improve the home rehabilitation effect of patients after discharge.