结直肠癌远处转移途径的研究进展

Research progress of distant metastasis pathway of colorectal cancer

转移是癌细胞从原发病灶向周围组织和远处器官扩散的过程,远处转移是患者死亡的主要原因之一。了解恶性肿瘤的侵扰、转移发生机制,对遏制肿瘤的发展有重要意义。肿瘤远处转移主要经淋巴管系统和血液循环系统的途径,最终导致癌细胞在远处器官的侵袭和增殖。传统观点认为,来源于上皮组织的癌细胞首先会转移至引流区淋巴结,经淋巴管系统扩散导致远处转移。然而近年实验结果和临床数据提示,来源于上皮组织的结直肠癌存在不经过淋巴结转移而导致远处转移这一重要途径。本文就结直肠癌远处转移途径的研究进展进行综述,以期为治疗提供新思路。

Metastasis is the process by which cancer cells spread from the primary lesion to surrounding tissues and distant organs.Distant metastasis is one of the major causes of death in patients.Understanding the mechanism of invasion and metastasis of malignant tumors is of great significance for preventing the development of tumors.The distant metastasis of tumor is mainly through lymphatic system and blood circulation system,and eventually leads to the invasion and proliferation of cancer cells in distant organs.The traditional view is that cancer cells originating from epithelial tissue will first metastasize to the lymph nodes in the drainage area and spread through the lymphatic system leading to distant metastasis.However,recent experimental results and clinical data suggest that colorectal cancer derived from epithelial tissue may lead to distant metastasis without lymph node metastasis.This article reviewed the research progress of distant metastasis pathway of colorectal cancer,in order to provide new ideas for treatment.