基于无人机的大气细颗粒物与臭氧污染探测与溯源研究进展

Review of UAV-based Atmospheric Fine Particulate Matter and Ozone Pollution Detection and Source Localization

近年来,中国大气细颗粒物(PM_(2.5))污染的治理已取得阶段性成效,但臭氧(O_(3))污染快速上升,实现PM_(2.5)和O_(3)协同控制的基础与关键是针对大气污染物的精细化探测和污染溯源.随着无人机技术和传感器技术的迅速发展,基于无人机平台的大气污染探测可以有效获得近地层的PM_(2.5)和O_(3)结构特征,并结合计算机算法对大气污染事件进行精准溯源,具有高时效性、高灵活性和高时空分辨率的特征,有助于研究人员了解区域污染物的分布、变化以及来源,为大气复合污染的协同控制提供科学依据.通过回顾传统的大气污染探测方法,总结了污染探测领域常用的无人机飞行平台类型和探测仪器,归纳了基于无人机的PM_(2.5)和O_(3)污染探测应用与相关溯源算法,并展望了无人机大气探测的未来研究方向.

In recent years,the management of atmospheric fine particulate matter(PM_(2.5))pollution in China has achieved staged success,but ozone(O_(3))pollution has increased rapidly.Detection and source localization of atmospheric pollutants is the basis and key to controlling the combined pollution of PM_(2.5) and O_(3).With the rapid development of UAV technology and sensor technology,air pollution detection based on UAV platforms can effectively obtain the structural characteristics of PM_(2.5) and O_(3) near the surface and accurately trace the source of air pollution events by applying the computer algorithms,with the characteristics of high timeliness,flexibility,and spatial and temporal resolution.This will help researchers understand the distribution,changes,and sources of regional pollutants and provide a scientific basis for the synergistic control of combined air pollution.This study reviewed the traditional air pollution detection methods,summarized the types of UAV platforms and detection instruments commonly used in pollution detection,concluded the applications of UAV-based PM_(2.5) and O_(3) pollution detection and the algorithms of pollution source localization,and discussed the future trends of UAV-based air pollution detection.