组织的调适:大革命失败后中共四川党组织的社会构成与党员发展研究(1927—1935)

Organizational Adjustment:A Study on the Social Composition and Party Member Development of the CPC's Organization in Sichuan After the Failure of the Great Revolution(1927-1935)

大革命失败后,根据共产国际指示,中共形成了以实现领导机关工人化,重点发展工人阶级党员,并联系农民同盟军为主要内容的组织路线。在四川省的落实中,六届四中全会之前,支部以上各级组织以知识分子干部为主,基层支部则以农民干部为主。在党员发展上,农民党员和士兵党员的数量发展迅速,相比之下,工人党员的发展十分缓慢。党的第二次“左”倾错误致使四川党的系统和党员受到重大损失,六届四中全会后,中央指示四川党组织贯彻“布尔什维克化”的组织方针。通过中央巡视员的督促和省委委派等方式,四川各级党组织中工农成分有了显著的增加。但党员恢复收效甚微,相比第二次“左”倾路线后的统计,甚至有所下降。

After the failure of the Great Revolution,following the instructions of the Comintern,the CPC formed an organizational line that aimed to achieve the proletarianization of the leadership,to focus on developing the working-class party members,and to contact with the peasant alliance armies.In the implementation of this line in Sichuan,before the Fourth Plenary Session of the Sixth Central Committee,the organizations at and above the branch level,including the provincial committee,were mainly composed of intellectual cadres,while the grassroots branches were mainly composed of peasant cadres.In terms of party member development,the number of peasant and soldier party members grew rapidly,while the development of worker party members was very slow.The second"leftist"error of the party caused great losses to the party system and party members in Sichuan.After the Fourth Plenary Session of the Sixth Central Committee,the Central Committee instructed the CPC's organization in Sichuan to implement the organizational principle of"Bolshevization".Through the supervision of the central inspectors and the appointment of the provincial committee,the composition of workers and peasants in the party organizations in Sichuan at all levels increased significantly.However,the recovery of party members was very ineffective,and even declined compared to the statistics after the second"leftist"error line.