论文词派与明传奇的文人化

On the Wenci School and the Literatization of Legends in Ming Dynasty

文词派的出现,得益于明中期理学统治松动和社会风尚趋于奢华,吴中崇尚靡丽的文学传统则直接催生了文词派传奇的绮丽风格,文人士大夫是文词派传奇的主要受众,他们的观剧需求是文词派传奇走向鼎盛的根本推动力。文词派是明传奇发展的重要一环,文词派作家将戏曲作为抒情言志的工具,塑造了一批富于理想色彩的文人形象,奠定了明传奇语言以典雅为主的审美格调。文词派作家重意趣、尚才情的理论主张和重视曲律的创作倾向对后世也产生了非常深远的影响。

The emergence of the Wenci School benefited from the loosening of the rule of Neo-Confucianism and the social fashion tending to luxury in the middle of Ming Dynasty.The literary tradition of Wuzhong area that advocated the beautiful and magnificent style directly gave birth to the gorgeous style of the Wenci School legends.And scholar-bureaucrats were the main audience of the Wenci School’s plays,since their demand for watching drama was the fundamental driving force for the prosperity of the literary legends.Furthermore,the Wenci School was an important step in the development of literati’s legends,for they used drama as a tool of expressing feelings and ideas,shaping a group of literati images with ideal colors,and laying the elegance as the main aesthetic style of the legends’language.Finally,the Wenci School’s emphasis on interest and charm,talent and sentiment and standard of melody in theory and practice made a profound impact on later drama circles.