政策驱动下的法国竞争力集群创新生态系统演进与治理研究

Research on the Evolution and Governance of the French Competitiveness Cluster Innovation Ecosystem Driven by the Policy

法国“竞争力集群计划”已实施近20年,成功培育了一批全球领先的创新型产业集群,形成一套区域创新生态治理的“法国”模式,总结其实践经验,可为我国加快世界级创新型产业集群培育提供参考。本文从政策驱动视角,在分析法国竞争力集群不同发展阶段政策着力点演变的基础上,剖析了其创新生态系统同步演进路径,并进一步总结提出其创新生态治理框架与主要治理策略。研究发现,法国竞争力集群创新生态系统经历了从研发项目驱动到产业现代化与数字化转型驱动的演进路径,并形成了“四级共治”模式下的创新生态治理架构。最后,从创新生态演化的驱动力转换、产学研协同创新服务体系完善、国际化战略牵引,及政府推动与引导作用强化这四方面,对我国加快世界领先科技园区建设给出启示建议。

France national Competitiveness Cluster Plan has been implemented for nearly 20 years.It has successfully cultivated a number of global leading innovative industrial clusters,and formed a set of“French”models of regional innovation ecological governance.Summarizing its practical experience can provide reference for China to accelerate the cultivation of world-class innovative industrial clusters.Based on the perspective of policy driven and the analysis of the evolution of the policy focus in different stages of the development of French competitive clusters,this paper analyzes the synchronous evolution path of its innovation ecosystem,further summarizes its governance framework and main governance strategies.It is found that the innovation ecosystem of French competitiveness cluster has gone through four evolutionary phases that will be from R&D project driven to industrial modernization and digital transformation driven,and has formed an innovation ecological governance framework under the“four levels of co-governance”model.Finally,we give some enlightening suggestions to the cultivation of world leading science and technology parks in China from the following four aspects:driving force transformation of innovation ecological evolution,improvement of IUR collaborative innovation service system,guidance of internationalization strategy,strengthening government’s driving and guiding role.